近日，荷兰阿姆斯特丹大学的Mitchel Stoop及其研究团队取得一项新进展。经过不懈努力，他们发现两波大质量恒星正从年轻的星团R136中逃逸。相关研究成果已于2024年10月9日在国际权威学术期刊《自然》上发表。

本文报道了从大麦哲伦云中的年轻星团R136中弹射出的55颗大质量逃逸星的样本。对盖亚数据的天体测量分析揭示了两种动态喷射逃逸星的通道。第一种通道向所有方向喷射大质量恒星，这与R136诞生期间及之后的动态相互作用一致。第二种通道则向特定方向发射恒星，可能与星团相互作用有关。

研究发现，最初诞生于R136的最亮恒星中，有23%至33%是逃逸星。模型预测显著低估了大质量恒星的动态逃逸比例。因此，它们在塑造和加热星际和星系介质以及驱动星系外流方面的作用远比以前认为的重要。

据悉，大质量恒星主要诞生于恒星聚合体或星团中。它们的辐射场、恒星风和超新星对其局部环境产生强烈影响。在星团生命的最初几百万年里，大质量恒星会被动态地喷射出去，并高速逃离星团。然而，动态喷射逃逸星的形成率尚缺乏准确约束。

附：英文原文

Title: Two waves of massive stars running away from the young cluster R136

Author: Stoop, Mitchel, de Koter, Alex, Kaper, Lex, Brands, Sarah, Portegies Zwart, Simon, Sana, Hugues, Stoppa, Fiorenzo, Gieles, Mark, Mahy, Laurent, Shenar, Tomer, Guo, Difeng, Nelemans, Gijs, Rieder, Steven

Issue&Volume: 2024-10-09

Abstract: Massive stars are predominantly born in stellar associations or clusters. Their radiation fields, stellar winds and supernovae strongly impact their local environment. In the first few million years of a cluster’s life, massive stars are dynamically ejected and run away from the cluster at high speed. However, the production rate of dynamically ejected runaways is poorly constrained. Here we report on a sample of 55 massive runaway stars ejected from the young cluster R136 in the Large Magellanic Cloud. An astrometric analysis of Gaia data reveals two channels of dynamically ejected runaways. The first channel ejects massive stars in all directions and is consistent with dynamical interactions during and after the birth of R136. The second channel launches stars in a preferred direction and may be related to a cluster interaction. We found that 23–33% of the most luminous stars initially born in R136 are runaways. Model predictions have significantly underestimated the dynamical escape fraction of massive stars. Consequently, their role in shaping and heating the interstellar and galactic media and their role in driving galactic outflows are far more important than previously thought.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08013-8

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08013-8