自然资源部第二海洋研究所黄大吉团队在研究东海冬季穿刺锋的模式和机制中取得新进展。相关论文于2024年10月9日发表于国际顶尖学术期刊《中国科学：地球科学》杂志上。

研究人员利用长期卫星遥感资料和数值模拟资料，分析了东太平洋西部穿刺锋最可能出现的时间和区域，并对其演化过程和机制进行了探讨。1998-2022年(25年)卫星反演叶绿素数据统计结果表明，冬季穿刺锋在27°N附近出现频率最高，其中1月、2月和3月的出现频率分别为47%、65%和64%。后向拉格朗日示踪实验表明，27°N附近的穿透水来自三个不同的区域。岩心穿透低盐度水来自浙闽海岸，北部边缘水来自台湾岛北部，南部边缘水来自台湾海峡中部。

机制分析表明，穿透低盐度水的岩心经历了三个连续阶段。首先，受强烈东北风驱动的浙闽沿岸流影响，浙闽沿岸低盐度水沿海岸线向西南方向平行移动，在台湾海峡西部聚集。其次，在东北风缓和阶段，东北向台湾海峡流增强，台海西部聚集的低盐度水向东北移动。第三，当东北方向的低盐度水流入台湾岛东北部的西黑潮支时，低盐度水迅速向东伸展，最终形成一个明显的穿刺锋。研究结果强调，由于天气性东北风和西黑潮支是该地区冬季的主要动力因子，27°N附近的天气性冬季穿刺锋是一种常见而重要的现象，在东海陆源物质的跨陆架运输中起着重要的作用。

附：英文原文

Title: Patterns and mechanism of wintertime penetrating fronts in the East China Sea

Author: Peng YE, Daji HUANG, Jiliang XUAN, Shuangyan HE

Issue&Volume: 2024/10/09

Abstract: Penetrating fronts play an important role in the cross-shelf transport of terrestrial materials in the East China Sea (ECS). Using long-term satellite remote sensing data and numerical simulation data, the most likely period of occurrence and region of the penetrating fronts in the western ECS are analyzed in this study, and the evolutionary process and mechanism are also investigated. The statistical results of satellite-derived chlorophyll data from 1998 to 2022 (25years) reveal that penetrating fronts occur most frequently near 27°N in winter, with the frequencies of occurrence in January, February and March being 47%, 65% and 64%, respectively. Backward Lagrangian tracer experiments demonstrate that the penetrating water near 27°N originate from three different regions. The core penetrating low-salinity water originates from the Zhejiang-Fujian coast, while the northern marginal water originates from the northern part of Taiwan Island, and the southern marginal water originates from the central Taiwan Strait. Mechanism analysis reveals that the core penetrating low-salinity water evolves in three successive stages. First, under the influence of the Zhejiang-Fujian Coastal Current driven by strong northeasterly winds, the low-salinity water along the Zhejiang-Fujian coast moves southwestward parallel to the coastline and accumulates in the western Taiwan Strait. Second, during the relaxation stage of the northeasterly wind, the northeastward Taiwan Strait Current strengthens, and the low-salinity water accumulated in the western Taiwan Strait moves to the northeast. Third, when the northeastward-moving low-salinity water runs into the Western Kuroshio Branch off the northeastern Taiwan Island, the low-salinity water is rapidly stretched eastward, and a significant penetrating front eventually appears. Since the synoptic northeasterly wind and the Western Kuroshio Branch are dominant dynamic factors in this region during wintertime, we believe that the synoptic wintertime penetrating fronts near 27°N are common and important phenomena that play important roles in the cross-shelf transport of terrestrial materials in the ECS.

DOI: 10.1007/s11430-023-1433-x

Source: https://www.sciengine.com/SCES/doi/10.1007/s11430-023-1433-x