近日，中国气象局交通气象重点实验室Ya GAO的团队在研究海陆风对中国黄海沿岸强浓雾形成、消散及爆发性增强的影响中取得新进展。相关论文于2023年12月29日发表在《中国科学：地球科学》杂志上。

研究人员通过气象研究与预报(WRF)模式的数值模拟实验，进一步分析了海陆风对雾的形成和增强的影响。研究表明：高空槽和低压倒转槽前的西南气流造成的降水有利于前期雨雾的形成，而地面冷高控制下的夜间晴空辐射和弱冷平流的渗透，有利于后期辐射平流雾的形成和发展。WRF模型模拟了雾的演变过程，与实际雾区基本一致，模拟结果具有一定的可信度。

模拟结果表明，海风的建立对近地面层具有平流冷却作用，有利于近地面逆温层的形成和发展，为雾的形成和爆发强化提供了稳定的分层条件。一方面，海风环流的增强可以持续向研究区输送水汽；另一方面，超低空急流的出现有利于低空水汽的积累。同时，逆温强度进一步增强，有利于雾的爆发强化和长期维持。

据介绍，基于国家环境预报中心(NCEP)/国家大气研究中心的全球再分析资料、地面气象观测资料、探空资料和卫星观测资料，综合分析了2015年2月15-17日发生在中国东部盐城的一次持续性强浓雾过程的演变过程和形成机制。

附：英文原文

Title: Influence of sea-land breeze on the formation and dissipation of severe dense fog and its burst reinforcement in the Yellow Sea coastal area, China

Author: Ya GAO, Duanyang LIU, Shuqi YAN, Wenjun ZHOU, Hongbin WANG, Fan ZU, Qin MEI, Chuanxiang YI, Ye SHENG

Issue&Volume: 2023-12-29

Abstract: Based on the global reanalysis data of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)/National Center for Atmospheric Research, the surface meteorological observation data, sounding data and satellite observation data, this paper comprehensively analyzes the evolution process and formation mechanism of a persistent severe dense fog process occurred on February 15–17, 2015 in Yancheng, eastern China. Through the numerical simulation experiment of Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model, we further analyze the impact of sea-land breeze on the formation and burst reinforcement of fog. Results show that the precipitation caused by the southwesterly airflow in front of the upper-level trough and the low-pressure inverted trough are conducive to the formation of early rain fog, while the nighttime clear radiance under the control of surface cold high and the infiltration of weak cold advection are conducive to the formation and development of later radiation-advection fog. The WRF model simulates the fog evolution process, which is basically consistent with the actual fog area, and the simulation results are credible to a certain extent. The simulation results show that the establishment of sea breeze has an advection cooling effect on the near surface layer, which is conducive to the formation and development of the inversion layer on the near surface, providing stable stratification conditions for the formation and burst reinforcement of fog. On one hand, the strengthening of sea breeze circulation can continuously transport water vapor to the study area. On the other, the occurrence of ultra-low level jet is favorable for the accumulation of low-level water vapor. At the same time, the inversion intensity further strengthens, which is in favor of the burst reinforcement and long-term maintenance of fog.

DOI: 10.1007/s11430-022-1243-8

Source: https://www.sciengine.com/10.1007/s11430-022-1243-8