浙江大学郑绍建团队发现，LRR受体样激酶ALR1是一种植物铝离子传感器。2024年1月10日，《细胞研究》杂志在线发表了这项成果。

研究人员发现了一种对铝（Al）超敏的拟南芥突变体。该基因编码一种类似亮氨酸-富重复受体的激酶，被命名为Al Resistance1（ALR1）。Al离子与ALR1细胞质结构域结合后会招募BAK1共受体激酶，并促进ALR1依赖性磷酸化NADPH氧化酶RbohD，从而增强活性氧（ROS）的生成。ROS反过来又氧化修饰RAE1 F-box蛋白，抑制RAE1依赖的中央调节因子STOP1蛋白水解，从而激活有机酸阴离子分泌，对Al进行解毒。

这些发现确定了ALR1是一种Al离子受体，它通过一个综合的Al触发信号通路赋予抗性，为生物体内的离子感应机制提供了新的见解，并使未来耐酸土壤作物和树木的分子育种成为可能，这对提高全球粮食安全和森林恢复具有巨大的潜力。

据介绍，植物的生存需要适应不同浓度的营养和有毒土壤离子的能力，然而离子传感器和相关的信号传导途径却大多不为人知。Al离子具有很强的植物毒性，在酸性土壤上会造成严重的作物减产和森林衰退，而酸性土壤占全球土地面积的30%。

附：英文原文

Title: The LRR receptor-like kinase ALR1 is a plant aluminum ion sensor

Author: Ding, Zhong Jie, Xu, Chen, Yan, Jing Ying, Wang, Yu Xuan, Cui, Meng Qi, Yuan, Jun Jie, Wang, Ya Nan, Li, Gui Xin, Wu, Jian Xiang, Wu, Yun Rong, Xu, Ji Ming, Li, Chun Xiao, Shi, Yuan Zhi, Mao, Chuan Zao, Guo, Jiang Tao, Zhou, Jian Min, Benhamed, Moussa, Harberd, Nicholas P., Zheng, Shao Jian

Issue&Volume: 2024-01-10

Abstract: Plant survival requires an ability to adapt to differing concentrations of nutrient and toxic soil ions, yet ion sensors and associated signaling pathways are mostly unknown. Aluminum (Al) ions are highly phytotoxic, and cause severe crop yield loss and forest decline on acidic soils which represent ～30% of land areas worldwide. Here we found an Arabidopsis mutant hypersensitive to Al. The gene encoding a leucine-rich-repeat receptor-like kinase, was named Al Resistance1 (ALR1). Al ions binding to ALR1 cytoplasmic domain recruits BAK1 co-receptor kinase and promotes ALR1-dependent phosphorylation of the NADPH oxidase RbohD, thereby enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. ROS in turn oxidatively modify the RAE1 F-box protein to inhibit RAE1-dependent proteolysis of the central regulator STOP1, thus activating organic acid anion secretion to detoxify Al. These findings establish ALR1 as an Al ion receptor that confers resistance through an integrated Al-triggered signaling pathway, providing novel insights into ion-sensing mechanisms in living organisms, and enabling future molecular breeding of acid-soil-tolerant crops and trees, with huge potential for enhancing both global food security and forest restoration.

DOI: 10.1038/s41422-023-00915-y

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41422-023-00915-y