近日，美国哈佛医学院Jonathan C. Kagan小组总结靶向先天性免疫途径的癌症免疫疗法。近日，国际知名学术期刊《免疫》在线发表了这一成果。

研究人员提出了一个框架，其中不同的先天性免疫信号通路激活了对T细胞介导的免疫非常重要的五种关键树突状细胞活动。研究人员讨论了能激动这些活动的分子途径，并强调没有任何一种途径能激动持久免疫所需的所有活动。研究人员阐述了在肿瘤微环境中施用先天性免疫疗法与通过疫苗接种施用先天性免疫疗法在免疫学上的区别，尤其关注增强树突状细胞迁移、干扰素表达和白细胞介素-1家族细胞因子产生的策略。

在这种情况下，研究人员认为在考虑先天性免疫信号传导对炎症和保护性免疫的影响时，必须重视必要性和充分性，并为开发有效的癌症免疫疗法提供了概念性指导。

据介绍，先天性免疫系统对诱导T细胞对感染做出持久的保护性反应至关重要，而且已被越来越多的人认为是癌症免疫疗法的靶点。

附：英文原文

Title: Targeting innate immune pathways for cancer immunotherapy

Author: Longyue L. Cao, Jonathan C. Kagan

Issue&Volume:

Abstract: The innate immune system is critical for inducing durable and protective T cell responsesto infection and has been increasingly recognized as a target for cancer immunotherapy.In this review, we present a framework wherein distinct innate immune signaling pathwaysactivate five key dendritic cell activities that are important for T cell-mediatedimmunity. We discuss molecular pathways that can agonize these activities and highlightthat no single pathway can agonize all activities needed for durable immunity. Theimmunological distinctions between innate immunotherapy administration to the tumormicroenvironment versus administration via vaccination are examined, with particularfocus on the strategies that enhance dendritic cell migration, interferon expression,and interleukin-1 family cytokine production. In this context, we argue for the importanceof appreciating necessity vs. sufficiency when considering the impact of innate immunesignaling in inflammation and protective immunity and offer a conceptual guidelinefor the development of efficacious cancer immunotherapies.

DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.07.018

Source: https://www.cell.com/immunity/fulltext/S1074-7613(23)00331-X