英国伦敦国王学院Andre F. Marquand研究团队发现成人大脑中寿命逆境的稳定和可复制的神经特征。该研究于2023年8月21日发表于国际一流学术期刊《自然—神经科学》杂志上。

他们根据25岁纵向高危队列(n = 169)的一生逆境概况估计了结构性大脑发育的规范模型。这揭示了大脑中广泛的形态变化，部分具有逆境特异性特征。在33岁(n = 114)和22岁(n = 115)的独立样本中重复了这种模式。在个体水平上，相对于模型，更大的体积收缩预示着未来的焦虑。

他们展示了逆境的稳定的神经生物学特征，这种特征持续到成年，并强调了考虑个体水平而不是群体水平的预测来解释新出现的精神病理学的重要性。

据悉，环境逆境构成精神疾病的潜在危险因素。有证据表明，大脑适应逆境，可能是一种逆境类型和特定区域的方式。然而，逆境对大脑结构的长期影响以及个体神经生物学异质性与行为的关系尚未得到阐明。

附：英文原文

Title: A stable and replicable neural signature of lifespan adversity in the adult brain

Author: Holz, Nathalie E., Zabihi, Mariam, Kia, Seyed Mostafa, Monninger, Maximillian, Aggensteiner, Pascal-M., Siehl, Sebastian, Floris, Dorothea L., Bokde, Arun L. W., Desrivires, Sylvane, Flor, Herta, Grigis, Antoine, Garavan, Hugh, Gowland, Penny, Heinz, Andreas, Brhl, Rdiger, Martinot, Jean-Luc, Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillre, Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos, Paus, Tom, Poustka, Luise, Frhner, Juliane H., Smolka, Michael N., Vaidya, Nilakshi, Walter, Henrik, Whelan, Robert, Schumann, Gunter, Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Brandeis, Daniel, Buitelaar, Jan K., Nees, Frauke, Beckmann, Christian, Banaschewski, Tobias, Marquand, Andre F.

Issue&Volume: 2023-08-21

Abstract: Environmental adversities constitute potent risk factors for psychiatric disorders. Evidence suggests the brain adapts to adversity, possibly in an adversity-type and region-specific manner. However, the long-term effects of adversity on brain structure and the association of individual neurobiological heterogeneity with behavior have yet to be elucidated. Here we estimated normative models of structural brain development based on a lifespan adversity profile in a longitudinal at-risk cohort aged 25 years (n=169). This revealed widespread morphometric changes in the brain, with partially adversity-specific features. This pattern was replicated at the age of 33 years (n=114) and in an independent sample at 22years (n=115). At the individual level, greater volume contractions relative to the model were predictive of future anxiety. We show a stable neurobiological signature of adversity that persists into adulthood and emphasize the importance of considering individual-level rather than group-level predictions to explain emerging psychopathology.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01410-8

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-023-01410-8