德国哥廷根大学Martha Paola Barajas Barbosa等研究人员揭示海洋岛屿植物区系功能多样性的组合。2023年7月12日，国际知名学术期刊《自然》在线发表了这一成果。

研究人员通过大量的野外和实验室测量，描述了一个海洋岛屿（西班牙加那利群岛特纳立夫岛）原生植物群的功能性状空间，并将其与生态策略的全球权衡联系起来。研究人员发现，岛屿的性状空间表现出显著的功能丰富性，但大多数植物集中在一个功能热点周围，该热点由具有保守生活史策略的灌木主导。通过将岛屿植物区系划分为与不同的生物地理分布和多样化历史相关的物种组，研究结果还表明，通过长距离扩散的殖民化以及岛屿间扩散和群岛水平的物种分化过程之间的相互作用推动了功能分化和性状空间的扩展。

与预期相反，通过分支发生的物种分化导致了功能的趋同，因此，灌木周围密集的性状空间对功能多样性的贡献微乎其微。通过将生物地理学、生态学和演化相结合，这个方法为基于性状的洞察力开辟了新的途径，可用于了解扩散、物种分化和持久性是如何塑造整个原生岛屿花卉的组合。

据了解，大洋岛屿花卉以其形态特征而闻名，并展示了显著的性状演化实例。这些形态变化通常归因于海岛性，并被认为是由大洋岛屿的生物地理过程和演化历史形成的。然而，生物地理学和演化塑造植物功能性状的分布和多样性的机制仍不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Assembly of functional diversity in an oceanic island flora

Author: Barajas Barbosa, Martha Paola, Craven, Dylan, Weigelt, Patrick, Denelle, Pierre, Otto, Rdiger, Daz, Sandra, Price, Jonathan, Fernndez-Palacios, Jos Mara, Kreft, Holger

Issue&Volume: 2023-07-12

Abstract: Oceanic island floras are well known for their morphological peculiarities and exhibit striking examples of trait evolution1,2,3. These morphological shifts are commonly attributed to insularity and are thought to be shaped by the biogeographical processes and evolutionary histories of oceanic islands2,4. However, the mechanisms through which biogeography and evolution have shaped the distribution and diversity of plant functional traits remain unclear5. Here we describe the functional trait space of the native flora of an oceanic island (Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain) using extensive field and laboratory measurements, and relate it to global trade-offs in ecological strategies. We find that the island trait space exhibits a remarkable functional richness but that most plants are concentrated around a functional hotspot dominated by shrubs with a conservative life-history strategy. By dividing the island flora into species groups associated with distinct biogeographical distributions and diversification histories, our results also suggest that colonization via long-distance dispersal and the interplay between inter-island dispersal and archipelago-level speciation processes drive functional divergence and trait space expansion. Contrary to our expectations, speciation via cladogenesis has led to functional convergence, and therefore only contributes marginally to functional diversity by densely packing trait space around shrubs. By combining biogeography, ecology and evolution, our approach opens new avenues for trait-based insights into how dispersal, speciation and persistence shape the assembly of entire native island floras.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06305-z

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06305-z