近日，以色列内盖夫本-古里安大学的Doron Cohen课题组取得一项新进展，他们探究了有限大小量子化系统准静态协议的量子不可逆性。相关研究成果已于2023年5月5日在国际知名学术期刊《物理评论 A》上发表。

该研究团队发现，对于有限大小的量子系统，在准静态协议中，绝热穿梭和混沌辅助耗散过程的相互作用起着支配作用。其中，混沌辅助耗散过程由破坏哈密顿量Bogoliubov可积性的相互作用项所引起。当扫描速率降低时，会进入由量子涨落主导的区域，其中量子到经典对应关系破裂。常见的两轨道近似无法捕捉该图像的主要方面，这表明熟悉的多体Landau-Zener范式失效。

据悉，量子力学中一个驱动过程在准静态极限下被认为是可逆的，也被称为绝热定理。这个说法与经典力学相反，在经典力学中，正则动力学和混沌动力学的混合导致了不可逆性。一个典型的表现量子不可逆性中混沌特征的例子是扫描过程，其目的是从源轨道中转移凝聚态玻色子。

附：英文原文

Title: Quantum irreversibility of quasistatic protocols for finite-size quantized systems

Author: Yehoshua Winsten, Doron Cohen

Issue&Volume: 2023/05/05

Abstract: Quantum mechanically, a driving process is expected to be reversible in the quasistatic limit, also known as the adiabatic theorem. This statement stands in opposition to classical mechanics, where a mix of regular and chaotic dynamics implies irreversibility. A paradigm for demonstrating the signatures of chaos in quantum irreversibility is a sweep process whose objective is to transfer condensed bosons from a source orbital. We show that such a protocol is dominated by an interplay of adiabatic-shuttling and chaos-assisted depletion processes. The latter is implied by interaction terms that spoil the Bogoliubov integrability of the Hamiltonian. As the sweep rate is lowered, a crossover to a regime that is dominated by quantum fluctuations is encountered, featuring a breakdown of quantum-to-classical correspondence. The major aspects of this picture are not captured by the common two-orbital approximation, which implies failure of the familiar many-body Landau-Zener paradigm.

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.107.052202

Source: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.107.052202