研究人员结合三十年的卫星观测、气候数据和水文模型分析了1972年全球最大的湖泊蓄水量的变化,发现在1992到2020年间,这些水体53%的蓄水量出现了显著的下降。天然湖泊的净容积损失被归因于气候变暖,不断增加的蒸发需求和人类的用水,但沉积作用才是水库储存损失的主要原因。该团队研究人员估计,大约有四分之一的世界人口居住在干涸的湖泊流域,这凸显了将气候变化和沉积影响纳入可持续水资源管理中的必要性。
据了解,气候变化和人类活动日益威胁到储存了地球表面87%的液态淡水湖泊。然而,在全球范围内,湖泊蓄水量变化的最新趋势和驱动因素仍然鲜为人知。
附:英文原文
Title: Satellites reveal widespread decline in global lake water storage
Author: Fangfang Yao, Ben Livneh, Balaji Rajagopalan, Jida Wang, Jean-Franois Crétaux, Yoshihide Wada, Muriel Berge-Nguyen
Issue&Volume: 2023-05-19
Abstract: Climate change and human activities increasingly threaten lakes that store 87% of Earth’s liquid surface fresh water. Yet, recent trends and drivers of lake volume change remain largely unknown globally. Here, we analyze the 1972 largest global lakes using three decades of satellite observations, climate data, and hydrologic models, finding statistically significant storage declines for 53% of these water bodies over the period 1992–2020. The net volume loss in natural lakes is largely attributable to climate warming, increasing evaporative demand, and human water consumption, whereas sedimentation dominates storage losses in reservoirs. We estimate that roughly one-quarter of the world’s population resides in a basin of a drying lake, underscoring the necessity of incorporating climate change and sedimentation impacts into sustainable water resources management.
DOI: abo2812
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abo2812