美国国家海洋和大气管理局全球监测实验室的Western, Luke M.的研究组报道，2010-2020年，全球消耗臭氧的含氯氟烃增加。相关论文于2023年4月3日发表于国际顶尖学术期刊《自然—地球科学》杂志上。
研究人员使用测量结果和大气传输模型相结合展示，在2010-2020年间5种含氯氟烃的大气丰度和排放量是如何逐年增加的，这与逐步淘汰它的目标背道而驰。《蒙特利尔议定书》允许含氯氟烃的产品作为生产原料生产其他化学物质。CFC-113a，CFC-114a和CFC-115可能是在生产含氢氟碳化合物的过程中产生的，氢氟碳化合物已经在许多应用中取代了含氟氯烃。CFC-13和CFC-112a排放量增加背后的驱动因素还不确定。
在2010-2020年间，CFC-113，CFC-112a，CFC-113a，CFC-114a和CFC-115的总排放量从1.6±0.2到4.2±0.4 ODP-Ggyr-1(CFC-11-与消耗臭氧的潜力等量)。预计这些排放对平流层臭氧恢复的影响很小。然而，5种含氯氟烃的持续排放如果继续上升，可能会抵消一些《蒙特利尔议定书》带来的好处。此外，需要考虑这些含氟氯烃排放量对气候的影响，因为它在2020年的排放量相当于47 ± 5 TgCO2。
据介绍，根据《蒙特利尔议定书》，到2010年全球将禁止生产最终会释放到大气中的含氯氟烃(CFCs)。
附：英文原文
Title: Global increase of ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons from 2010 to 2020
Author: Western, Luke M., Vollmer, Martin K., Krummel, Paul B., Adcock, Karina E., Fraser, Paul J., Harth, Christina M., Langenfelds, Ray L., Montzka, Stephen A., Mhle, Jens, ODoherty, Simon, Oram, David E., Reimann, Stefan, Rigby, Matt, Vimont, Isaac, Weiss, Ray F., Young, Dickon, Laube, Johannes C.
Issue&Volume: 2023-04-03
Abstract: The production of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) that would ultimately be released to the atmosphere was banned globally in 2010 under the Montreal Protocol. Here we use measurements combined with an atmospheric transport model to show how atmospheric abundances and emissions of five CFCs increased between 2010 and 2020, contrary to the goals of the phase-out. The Montreal Protocol allows CFC production for use as a feedstock to produce other chemicals. Emissions of CFC-113a, CFC-114a and CFC-115 probably arise during the production of hydrofluorocarbons, which have replaced CFCs for many applications. The drivers behind increasing emissions of CFC-13 and CFC-112a are more uncertain. The combined emissions of CFC-13, CFC-112a, CFC-113a, CFC-114a and CFC-115 increased from 1.6±0.2 to 4.2±0.4ODP-Ggyr-1 (CFC-11-equivalent ozone-depleting potential) between 2010 and 2020. The anticipated impact of these emissions on stratospheric ozone recovery is small. However, ongoing emissions of the five CFCs of focus may negate some of the benefits gained under the Montreal Protocol if they continue to rise. In addition, the climate impact of the emissions of these CFCs needs to be considered, as their 2020 emissions are equivalent to 47±5TgCO2.
DOI: 10.1038/s41561-023-01147-w
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-023-01147-w