最近，德国汉诺威莱布尼兹大学的Carsten Klempt研究团队与西湖大学的耿娇博士等合作，提出了一种快速生成旋量铷玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体并实现数字分辨检测的方法。相关成果已于2023年3月6日在国际学术期刊《物理评论A》上发表。

该研究团队提出了一种高通量⁸⁷Rb玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体源和一种数字分辨检测方法。他们采用磁性和光学势阱的混合蒸发方法，仅在3.3秒内制备出2×10⁵个原子的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体，其中没有可辨别的热分数。为了在自旋自由度高保真地进行多体量子态的态层析成像[M. Hetzel, et al., arXiv:2207.01270]，最好采用单一模式进行数字分辨检测。研究团队演示了选择最多达16个原子的子样本的低噪声技术及其随后的检测，计数噪声低于0.2个原子。该技术为生成和分析具有更高保真度的介观量子态，以及将其用于基础和计量应用提供了令人激动的途径。

据介绍，超冷中性原子的高数据采集速率和低噪声检测，对于玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚中纠缠量子态的态层析和干涉应用提出了重要的挑战。

附：英文原文

Title: Rapid generation and number-resolved detection of spinor rubidium Bose-Einstein condensates

Author: Cebrail Pür, Mareike Hetzel, Martin Quensen, Andreas Hüper, Jiao Geng, Jens Kruse, Wolfgang Ertmer, Carsten Klempt

Issue&Volume: 2023/03/06

Abstract: High data acquisition rates and low-noise detection of ultracold neutral atoms present important challenges for the state tomography and interferometric application of entangled quantum states in Bose-Einstein condensates. In this paper, we present a high-flux source of ⁸⁷Rb Bose-Einstein condensates combined with a number-resolving detection. We create Bose-Einstein condensates of 2×10⁵ atoms with no discernible thermal fraction within 3.3 s using a hybrid evaporation approach in a magnetic and optical trap. For the high-fidelity tomography of many-body quantum states in the spin degree of freedom [M. Hetzel, et al., arXiv:2207.01270], it is desirable to select a single mode for a number-resolving detection. We demonstrate the low-noise selection of subsamples of up to 16 atoms and their subsequent detection with a counting noise below 0.2 atoms. The presented techniques offer an exciting path towards the creation and analysis of mesoscopic quantum states with improved fidelities and towards their exploitation for fundamental and metrological applications.

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.107.033303

Source: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.107.033303