美国加州大学圣巴巴拉分校Rodrigo De Negri课题组研究出利用3D射线追踪和经验气候学快速定位远程火山次声波，应用于2011年智利Cordón Caulle和2015年Calbuco火山爆发。相关论文发表在2023年2月24日出版的《JGR地球》杂志上。

该课题组人员介绍了一种结合经验气候学(HWM14/NRLMSIS2.0)和3D射线追踪(infraGA)的方法，以获得一阶、稳健和快速的源定位过程的后方位角偏差估计。课题组人员对于每个试验节点和接收器路径、一年中的日期和时间，对目标站周围的次声地面拦截进行自动迭代搜索，并获得相应的后方位角偏差。研究团队对两个类似的爆炸爆发案例研究(2011 Puyehue-Cordón Caulle和2015 Calbuco)测试了从约 5000公里范围的台站获得的IMS次声数据主题化方法。课题组得到了Puyehue-Cordón Caulle和Calbuco火山喷发的地震定位误差分别减少了约84% (242 到38.7 km)和约75% (366 到93.1 km)的结果。

为了评估该方法，该课题组人员重复了以更真实的混合大气描述为主题的过程，该课题组人员获得了类似的结果(两次喷发的错定位减少了75%)。

研究人员表示，次声(小于20赫兹)可以在大气传播数千公里，使用国际监测系统(IMS)次声网络等阵列实现全球声源定位。然而，大气时空变化对定位次声声源提出了重大挑战。强烈的水平侧风会使观测到的次声到达方位角偏离，产生数百公里量级的定位误差。

附：英文原文

Title: Rapid location of remote volcanic infrasound using 3D ray tracing and empirical climatologies: Application to the 2011 Cordón Caulle and 2015 Calbuco eruptions, Chile

Author: Rodrigo De Negri, Robin S. Matoza

Issue&Volume: 2023-02-24

Abstract: Infrasound (< 20 Hz) can propagate thousands of kilometers through the atmosphere, enabling global source location using networks of arrays such as the International Monitoring System (IMS) infrasound network. However, atmospheric spatiotemporal variability poses a major challenge to locating infrasound sources. Strong horizontal cross-winds deviate the observed infrasound arrival azimuths, producing source mislocations that can be on the order of hundreds of kilometers. We introduce a method that combines empirical climatologies (HWM14/NRLMSIS2.0) and 3D ray tracing (infraGA) to obtain first-order, robust, and rapid estimates of the backazimuth deviations for source location procedures. For each trial source node and receiver path, day of the year and time, we perform an automatic iterative search for infrasound ground intercepts around the target station and obtain the corresponding backazimuth deviation. We test the method using IMS infrasound data from stations up to ～5,000 km range for two similar explosive eruption case studies: 2011 Puyehue-Cordón Caulle and 2015 Calbuco. We obtain a source mislocation reduction up to ～84% (242 to 38.7 km) and ～75% (366 to 93.1 km) for Puyehue-Cordón Caulle and Calbuco eruptions, respectively. To evaluate the approach, we repeat the procedure using more realistic hybrid atmospheric descriptions; we obtain comparable results (up to ～75% mislocation reduction for both eruptions). Potential applications of the approach include long-range volcano monitoring in near-real time by using pre-computed look-up tables or large-scale, multi-year reanalyses of infrasound waveform archives.

DOI: 10.1029/2022JB025735

Source: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2022JB025735