德国拜罗伊特大学Higgins Steven I团队的一项最新研究探明了陆地生态系统植被活动的变化可归因于气候趋势。相关论文于2023年2月6日发表于国际顶尖学术期刊《自然—地球科学》杂志上。

研究小组使用过去40年的遥感数据和由气候再分析数据驱动的植物生长的动态模型，分析了100个代表陆地生态系统类型多样性的站点的植被动态。研究发现所有生态系统类型的植被活动都发生了变化，并发现这些变化可以归因于气候系统参数的趋势。

干燥和温暖地区的生态系统主要对土壤湿度的变化作出反应，而较冷地区的生态系统主要对温度的变化作出反应。研究还发现CO₂施肥对植被的影响是有限的，这可能是由于其他环境驱动因素的掩盖。观察到的趋势转换是普遍的，主要是从绿色到棕色的转变主导，结果表明许多被研究的生态系统正在积累更少的碳。该研究揭示了近几十年来陆地生态系统所表现出的气候变化的明显特征。

据悉，气候变化预计将影响整个地球系统的运作。然而，检测生态系统动态变化并将这种变化归因于人为气候变化已被证明是困难的。

附：英文原文

Title: Shifts in vegetation activity of terrestrial ecosystems attributable to climate trends

Author: Higgins, Steven I., Conradi, Timo, Muhoko, Edward

Issue&Volume: 2023-02-06

Abstract: Climate change is expected to impact the functioning of the entire Earth system. However, detecting changes in ecosystem dynamics and attributing such change to anthropogenic climate change has proved difficult. Here we analyse the vegetation dynamics of 100 sites representative of the diversity of terrestrial ecosystem types using remote-sensing data spanning the past 40 years and a dynamic model of plant growth, forced by climate reanalysis data. We detect a change in vegetation activity for all ecosystem types and find these changes can be attributed to trends in climate-system parameters. Ecosystems in dry and warm locations responded primarily to changes in soil moisture, whereas ecosystems in cooler locations responded primarily to changes in temperature. We find that the effects of CO₂ fertilization on vegetation are limited, potentially due to masking by other environmental drivers. Observed trend switching is widespread and dominated by shifts from greening to browning, suggesting many of the ecosystems studied are accumulating less carbon. Our study reveals a clear fingerprint of climate change in the change exhibited by terrestrial ecosystems over recent decades.

DOI: 10.1038/s41561-022-01114-x

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-022-01114-x