美国哥伦比亚大学Ivaylo I. Ivanov研究小组发现，肠道微生物特异性Th17细胞具有调节特性并可通过c-MAF和IL-10抑制效应T细胞。相关论文于2023年11月30日在线发表于国际学术期刊《免疫》。

研究人员报告了肠道共生特异性Th17细胞具有以表达白细胞介素（IL）-10和协同抑制受体为标志的抗炎表型。肠道驻留的肠道特异性Th17细胞的抗炎表型由转录因子c-MAF驱动。产生IL-10的肠道特异性Th17细胞是异质性的，来自TCF1⁺肠道驻留的Th17祖细胞群。Th17细胞在小肠固有层获得了IL-10表达和抗炎表型。CD4⁺ T细胞产生的IL-10和肠道巨噬细胞中的IL-10信号驱动肠道特异性Th17细胞表达IL-10。

肠道共生体特异性Th17细胞具有免疫调节功能，并以IL-10依赖性和c-MAF依赖性的方式在体外和体内抑制效应T细胞的活性。这些研究结果表明，组织驻留的肠道特异性Th17细胞在粘膜平衡中发挥着调节功能。

据悉，共生微生物会诱导产生细胞因子的效应组织驻留CD4⁺ T细胞，但这些T细胞在粘膜稳态中的功能尚不十分清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Intestinal microbiota-specific Th17 cells possess regulatory properties and suppress effector T cells via c-MAF and IL-10

Author: Leonie Brockmann, Alexander Tran, Yiming Huang, Madeline Edwards, Carlotta Ronda, Harris H. Wang, Ivaylo I. Ivanov

Issue&Volume: 2023-11-30

Abstract: Commensal microbes induce cytokine-producing effector tissue-resident CD4+ T cells, but the function of these T cells in mucosal homeostasis is not well understood.Here, we report that commensal-specific intestinal Th17 cells possess an anti-inflammatoryphenotype marked by expression of interleukin (IL)-10 and co-inhibitory receptors.The anti-inflammatory phenotype of gut-resident commensal-specific Th17 cells wasdriven by the transcription factor c-MAF. IL-10-producing commensal-specific Th17cells were heterogeneous and derived from a TCF1+ gut-resident progenitor Th17 cell population. Th17 cells acquired IL-10 expressionand anti-inflammatory phenotype in the small-intestinal lamina propria. IL-10 productionby CD4+ T cells and IL-10 signaling in intestinal macrophages drove IL-10 expression by commensal-specificTh17 cells. Intestinal commensal-specific Th17 cells possessed immunoregulatory functionsand curbed effector T cell activity in vitro and in vivo in an IL-10-dependent and c-MAF-dependent manner. Our results suggest that tissue-residentcommensal-specific Th17 cells perform regulatory functions in mucosal homeostasis.

DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.11.003

Source: https://www.cell.com/immunity/fulltext/S1074-7613(23)00484-3