丹麦和格陵兰地质调查局Kristian Svennevig团队研究了西格陵兰Vaigat海峡全新世巨型岩石雪崩，并揭示了其地质灾害意义。这一研究成果于2023年12月11日发表在国际顶尖学术期刊《地质学》上。

为了更好地了解这些地区的危险程度，研究人员调查了影响Vaigat海峡(格陵兰岛西部)内部分封闭水体的巨型陆上岩石雪崩。该研究提出了一个新的陆上到海底的数字高程模型，以及一个新的地震数据汇编，揭示了9个冰川消退期到全新世的岩石雪崩复合体，比附近的历史岩石雪崩大一到两个数量级。三个最大的复合体的沉积物厚度可达300米，偏移距离可达19千米，最佳估计量为1.7至8.4千米³。

根据形态和体积—到达角的关系可知，每个复合体都可能代表一个或几个事件，从而使它们之间的最大位移波在地球上产生陆上到海底的岩石雪崩。研究估计对面海岸的位移波震级高达280米。沉积物的年龄难以确定，但主要的岩崩活动可参考早全新世。由于预测北极地区将发生重大气候变化，研究人员建议危害评估不仅要考虑历史记录中的事件，还要考虑近期地质历史中的事件。

据介绍，最近在格陵兰岛和阿拉斯加发生了由岩石崩塌引发的位移波(也称为海啸)，这些事件说明了极地地区存在这种危险。

附：英文原文

Title: Holocene gigascale rock avalanches in Vaigat strait, West Greenland—Implications for geohazard

Author: Kristian Svennevig, Matthew J. Owen, Michele Citterio, Tove Nielsen, Salik Rosing, Jan Harff, Rudolf Endler, Mathieu Morlighem, Eric Rignot

Issue&Volume: 2023-12-11

Abstract: Rock avalanchetriggered displacement waves (also termed tsunamis) have recently occurred in Greenland and Alaska, and they illustrate the presence of such hazards in polar regions. To improve understanding of the magnitude of this hazard for these areas, we investigated gigascale subaerial rock avalanches impacting a partially confined water body within the Vaigat strait (western Greenland). We present a new combined subaerial to subaqueous digital elevation model, alongside a new compilation of seismic data, which revealed nine deglacial to Holocene rock avalanche complexes that are between one and two orders of magnitude larger than nearby historical rock avalanches. The three largest complexes have deposit thicknesses up to 300 m, runout distances reaching 19 km, and best-estimate volumes from 1.7 to 8.4 km³. Based on the morphology and the volumeangle of reach relations, it is likely that each complex represents a single or few events, thus making them among the largest displacement wavegenerating subaerial to submarine rock avalanches on Earth. We estimated displacement wave magnitude up to 280 m on the opposite shore. The ages of the deposits are poorly constrained but the main rock avalanche activity is referable to early Holocene times. With significant climatic changes predicted in the Arctic, we recommend that hazard assessments account for events not only from the historical record but also those from the recent geological past.

DOI: 10.1130/G51234.1

Source: https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article/doi/10.1130/G51234.1/630549/Holocene-gigascale-rock-avalanches-in-Vaigat