2022年1月15日汤加火山的喷发为探索热带火山喷发对平流层组成的早期影响提供了一个很好的机会。在雷姆苏因岛附近的气球观测显示，火山喷出的水蒸气量是前所未有的。平流层湿度的增加、辐射冷却和火山柱中气溶胶表面积的扩大，为热带平流层在1周内迅速消耗5%的臭氧创造了理想条件。氯化氢体积减少了0.4 ppbv，而一氧化氯体积增加了0.4 ppbv，这为火山羽流中氯的活化提供了令人信服的证据。
这项研究增强了他们对这种反常火山喷发对平流层化学影响的理解，并为气候变化中可能发生的化学变化提供了见解。
附：英文原文
Title: Rapid ozone depletion after humidification of the stratosphere by the Hunga Tonga Eruption
Author: Stephanie Evan, Jerome Brioude, Karen H. Rosenlof, Ru-Shan Gao, Robert W. Portmann, Yunqian Zhu, Rainer Volkamer, Christopher F. Lee, Jean-Marc Metzger, Kevin Lamy, Paul Walter, Sergio L. Alvarez, James H. Flynn, Elizabeth Asher, Michael Todt, Sean M. Davis, Troy Thornberry, Holger Vmel, Frank G. Wienhold, Ryan M. Stauffer, Luis Millán, Michelle L. Santee, Lucien Froidevaux, William G. Read
Issue&Volume: 2023-10-20
Abstract: The eruption of the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai volcano on 15 January 2022 offered a good opportunity to explore the early impacts of tropical volcanic eruptions on stratospheric composition. Balloon-borne observations near Réunion Island revealed the unprecedented amount of water vapor injected by the volcano. The enhanced stratospheric humidity, radiative cooling, and expanded aerosol surface area in the volcanic plume created the ideal conditions for swift ozone depletion of 5% in the tropical stratosphere in just 1 week. The decrease in hydrogen chloride by 0.4 parts per million by volume (ppbv) and the increase in chlorine monoxide by 0.4 ppbv provided compelling evidence for chlorine activation within the volcanic plume. This study enhances our understanding of the effect of this unusual volcanic eruption on stratospheric chemistry and provides insights into possible chemistry changes that may occur in a changing climate.
DOI: adg2551
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adg2551