湖南大学Bingan Lu团队的一项最新研究开发出了用于可持续高压钾离子电池的绿色醚电解质。2023年10月17日，国际知名学术期刊《德国应用化学》发表了这一成果。

该研究组报道了一种绿色醚溶剂，通过合理设计碳链调控引起空间位阻，这种结构显著降低了溶剂的生物毒性，并调整了电解质的溶剂化结构。值得注意的是，他们的溶剂设计是通用的，并有利于阴离子主导的溶剂化结构，促进钾离子电池阳极和阴极上稳定的间相形成。

值得注意的是，绿色醚基电解质与K金属和石墨阳极以及4.2 V高压阴极具有良好的相容性(循环200次，平均库仑效率为99.64%)。这项工作为实用的高压钾离子电池和其他可充电电池的绿色醚基电解质的分子设计，指明了一条有希望的道路。

据了解，醚基电解质由于其与碱金属阳极的良好相容性和高离子电导率，在二次电池中具有广阔的应用前景。然而，它们的氧化稳定性差，毒性高，导致电解液在高压下严重分解，发生电解液泄漏时存在生物安全/环境问题。

附：英文原文

Title: Green ether electrolytes for sustainable high-voltage potassium ion batteries

Author: Xiemei Ma, Hongwei Fu, Jingyi Shen, Dianwei Zhang, Jiawan Zhou, Chunyi Tong, Apparao M. Rao, Jiang Zhou, Ling Fan, Bingan Lu

Issue&Volume: 2023-10-17

Abstract: Ether-based electrolytes are promising for secondary batteries due to their good compatibility with alkali metal anodes and high ionic conductivity. However, they suffer from poor oxidative stability and high toxicity, leading to severe electrolyte decomposition at high voltage and biosafety/environmental concerns when electrolyte leakage occurs. Here, we report a green ether solvent through a rational design of carbon-chain regulation to elicit steric hindrance, such a structure significantly reducing the solvent's biotoxicity and tuning the solvation structure of electrolytes. Notably, our solvent design is versatile, and an anion-dominated solvation structure is favored, facilitating a stable interphase formation on both the anode and cathode in potassium-ion batteries. Remarkably, the green ether-based electrolyte demonstrates excellent compatibility with K metal and graphite anode and a 4.2 V high-voltage cathode (200 cycles with average Coulombic efficiency of 99.64%). This work points to a promising path toward the molecular design of green ether-based electrolytes for practical high-voltage potassium-ion batteries and other rechargeable batteries.

DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312973

Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.202312973