美国国家可再生能源实验室Zhu, Kai团队报道了高效稳定倒置钙钛矿太阳能电池的表面反应。相关研究成果于2022年9月1日发表于国际一流学术期刊《自然》。
具有倒置结构（通常称为p-i-n结构）的钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSCs）由于其易于扩展的制造、可靠的操作以及与各种钙钛矿基串联器件结构的兼容性，对未来的商业化具有吸引力。然而，p-i-n PSCs的功率转换效率（PCE）落后于n-i-p（或正常）结构对偶物。这一巨大的性能差距可能会破坏采用p-i/n架构的努力，尽管其具有其他优势。鉴于过去十年来钙钛矿块体材料优化的显著进展，界面工程已成为将PSCs性能推向极限的最重要策略。
该文中，研究人员报告了一种基于钙钛矿薄膜上3-（氨基甲基）吡啶（3-APy）的简单后生长处理的反应性表面工程方法。首先，3-APy分子选择性地与表面FA+反应，降低钙钛矿表面粗糙度和与表面台阶/台阶相关的表面电位波动。其次，钙钛矿表面上的反应产物降低了带电碘空位的形成能，导致高效的n型掺杂，表面区域功函数的降低。通过这种反应性表面工程，产生的p-i-n PSCs获得了超过25%的PCE，同时在空气中约55°C的一个标准太阳光强度下运行超过2400小时后，保留了87%的初始PCE。
附：英文原文
Title: Surface reaction for efficient and stable inverted perovskite solar cells
Author: Jiang, Qi, Tong, Jinhui, Xian, Yeming, Kerner, Ross A., Dunfield, Sean P., Xiao, Chuanxiao, Scheidt, Rebecca A., Kuciauskas, Darius, Wang, Xiaoming, Hautzinger, Matthew P., Tirawat, Robert, Beard, Matthew C., Fenning, David P., Berry, Joseph J., Larson, Bryon W., Yan, Yanfa, Zhu, Kai
Issue&Volume: 2022-09-01
Abstract: Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with an inverted structure (often referred to as the p-i-n architecture) are attractive for future commercialization due to their easily scalable fabrication, reliable operation, and compatibility with a wide range of perovskite-based tandem device architectures1,2. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of p-i-n PSCs falls behind n-i-p (or normal) structure counterparts3-6. This large performance gap could undermine efforts to adopt p-i-n architectures, despite their other advantages. Given the remarkable advances in perovskite bulk materials optimization over the past decade, interface engineering has become the most important strategy to push PSC performance to its limit7,8. Here, we report a reactive surface engineering approach based on a simple post-growth treatment of 3-(Aminomethyl)pyridine (3-APy) on top of a perovskite thin film. First, the 3-APy molecule selectively reacts with surface FA+, reducing perovskite surface roughness and surface potential fluctuations associated with surface steps/terraces. Second, the reaction product on the perovskite surface decreases the formation energy of charged iodine-vacancies, leading to effective n-type doping with a reduced work function in the surface region. With this reactive surface engineering, the resulting p-i-n PSCs obtained a PCE over 25%, along with retaining 87% of the initial PCE after over 2400 h of one-sun operation at about 55°C in air.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05268-x
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-05268-x