研究人员将50年来对移民和群体人口的实地观察与大约9代杂交狒狒的基因组数据结合起来，研究了野生动物中混合的后果。尽管混血儿没有明显的适应成本，但研究人员发现了与古人类类似的反混血的选择特征。这些模式集中在祖先与基因表达密切相关的基因附近。分析还表明，在整个基因组中，基因渗入是可以部分预测的。
这项研究显示了整合基因组和野外数据的价值，可用于揭示"选择的基因组特征"（例如，在低重合区的基因渗入减少）在自然界的表现；此外，它强调了其他灵长类动物作为人类演化模型的重要性。
据悉，遗传杂交是灵长类动物进化的核心。
附：英文原文
Title: Selection against admixture and gene regulatory divergence in a long-term primate field study
Author: Tauras P. Vilgalys, Arielle S. Fogel, Jordan A. Anderson, Raphael S. Mututua, J. Kinyua Warutere, I. Long’ida Siodi, Sang Yoon Kim, Tawni N. Voyles, Jacqueline A. Robinson, Jeffrey D. Wall, Elizabeth A. Archie, Susan C. Alberts, Jenny Tung
Issue&Volume: 2022-08-05
Abstract: Genetic admixture is central to primate evolution. We combined 50 years of field observations of immigration and group demography with genomic data from ~9 generations of hybrid baboons to investigate the consequences of admixture in the wild. Despite no obvious fitness costs to hybrids, we found signatures of selection against admixture similar to those described for archaic hominins. These patterns were concentrated near genes where ancestry is strongly associated with gene expression. Our analyses also show that introgression is partially predictable across the genome. This study demonstrates the value of integrating genomic and field data for revealing how “genomic signatures of selection” (e.g., reduced introgression in low-recombination regions) manifest in nature; moreover, it underscores the importance of other primates as living models for human evolution.
DOI: abm4917
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abm4917