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智能工作生活干预与高度可调办公桌可有效减少办公族的久坐时间
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2022/8/21 13:09:16

英国莱斯特大学糖尿病研究中心Charlotte L Edwardson团队研究了减少久坐时间和改善办公室员工健康的干预措施的有效性。2022年8月17日出版的《英国医学杂志》发表了这项成果。

为了评估一项干预措施(高度可调办公桌)对日常坐姿的有效性,并调查两项干预措施的相对有效性,以及两项干预措施对身体行为和生理、生化、心理以及与工作相关的健康和绩效结果的有效性,研究组在英国莱斯特、利物浦和大曼彻斯特的地方政府委员会进行了一项三组随机对照试验,分别随访3个月和12个月。参与者来自莱斯特两个市政局、大曼彻斯特三个市政局和利物浦一个市政局指定办公室、部门或团队的78个集群,包括756名办公族员工。

将参与者随机分为三组:智能工作和生活(SWAL)干预、带高度可调办公桌的SWAL干预(SWAL+办公桌)或对照组(常规做法)。主要观察指标为12个月随访时的每日坐姿时间,通过加速度计进行评估。次要结局是评估坐姿、长时间坐姿、站立和步行时间,计算任何有效日期、工作时间、工作日和非工作日的体力活动,自我报告的生活方式行为,肌肉骨骼问题,心脏代谢健康指标,与工作相关的健康和表现,疲劳和心理测量。

参与者的平均年龄为44.7岁,女性占72.4%(547例),白人占74.9%(566例)。干预组12个月时的每日坐姿时间显著减少,其中SWAL组每日减少22.2分钟,SWAL+办公桌组每日减少63.7分钟,组间差异均显著。研究发现,在改变坐姿时间方面,SWAL+办公桌干预组比SWAL干预组更有效,平均每天减少41.7分钟。

在工作时间和工作日,研究组观察到两个干预组在3个月和12个月随访时的坐姿和延长坐姿时间,以及SWAL+办公桌干预组在站立时间方面的有利差异。两个干预组在压力、幸福感和活力方面都有轻微改善,而SWAL+办公桌组在下肢疼痛、工作时坐着和站着的社会规范及支持方面都有改善。

研究结果表明,SWAL和SWAL加高度可调办公桌都与减少久坐时间相关,且增加高度可调办公桌的效果是前者的三倍。

附:英文原文

Title: Effectiveness of an intervention for reducing sitting time and improving health in office workers: three arm cluster randomised controlled trial

Author: Charlotte L Edwardson, Stuart J H Biddle, Stacy A Clemes, Melanie J Davies, David W Dunstan, Helen Eborall, Malcolm H Granat, Laura J Gray, Genevieve N Healy, Nishal Bhupendra Jaicim, Sarah Lawton, Benjamin D Maylor, Fehmidah Munir, Gerry Richardson, Thomas Yates, Alexandra M Clarke-Cornwell

Issue&Volume: 2022/08/17

Abstract:

Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention, with and without a height adjustable desk, on daily sitting time, and to investigate the relative effectiveness of the two interventions, and the effectiveness of both interventions on physical behaviours and physical, biochemical, psychological, and work related health and performance outcomes.

Design Cluster three arm randomised controlled trial with follow-up at three and 12 months.

Setting Local government councils in Leicester, Liverpool, and Greater Manchester, UK.

Participants 78 clusters including 756 desk based employees in defined offices, departments, or teams from two councils in Leicester, three in Greater Manchester, and one in Liverpool.

Interventions Clusters were randomised to one of three conditions: the SMART Work and Life (SWAL) intervention, the SWAL intervention with a height adjustable desk (SWAL plus desk), or control (usual practice).

Main outcomes measures The primary outcome measure was daily sitting time, assessed by accelerometry, at 12 month follow-up. Secondary outcomes were accelerometer assessed sitting, prolonged sitting, standing and stepping time, and physical activity calculated over any valid day, work hours, workdays, and non-workdays, self-reported lifestyle behaviours, musculoskeletal problems, cardiometabolic health markers, work related health and performance, fatigue, and psychological measures.

Results Mean age of participants was 44.7 years, 72.4% (n=547) were women, and 74.9% (n=566) were white. Daily sitting time at 12 months was significantly lower in the intervention groups (SWAL 22.2 min/day, 95% confidence interval 38.8 to 5.7 min/day, P=0.003; SWAL plus desk 63.7 min/day, 80.1 to 47.4 min/day, P<0.001) compared with the control group. The SWAL plus desk intervention was found to be more effective than SWAL at changing sitting time (41.7 min/day, 56.3 to 27.0 min/day, P<0.001). Favourable differences in sitting and prolonged sitting time at three and 12 month follow-ups for both intervention groups and for standing time for the SWAL plus desk group were observed during work hours and on workdays. Both intervention groups were associated with small improvements in stress, wellbeing, and vigour, and the SWAL plus desk group was associated with improvements in pain in the lower extremity, social norms for sitting and standing at work, and support.

Conclusions Both SWAL and SWAL plus desk were associated with a reduction in sitting time, although the addition of a height adjustable desk was found to be threefold more effective.

DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2021-069288

Source: https://www.bmj.com/content/378/bmj-2021-069288

期刊信息

BMJ-British Medical Journal:《英国医学杂志》,创刊于1840年。隶属于BMJ出版集团,最新IF:27.604
官方网址:http://www.bmj.com/
投稿链接:https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/bmj