葡萄牙卢索佛纳大学João Paulo Gomes研究小组揭示2022年多国爆发的猴痘病毒的系统基因组特征和微演化迹象。相关论文于2022年6月24日在线发表在《自然—医学》杂志上。

研究人员表明，猎枪元基因组学能够快速重建和系统发育特征的第一个最大猴痘病毒（MPXV）爆发的基因组序列，显示该MPXV属于第3支系，并且该爆发很可能有一个单一的起源。尽管2022年的MPXV（系B.1）与2018-2019年与一个流行国家有关的病例聚集在一起，但它在一个分歧的系统发育分支中分离，可能反映了持续加速的进化。深入的突变分析表明，宿主APOBEC3在病毒进化中具有作用，以及在持续的微演化中潜在的MPXV人类适应的迹象。

这些研究结果还表明，基因组测序可能提供了跟踪这种可能是缓慢进化的dsDNA病毒的传播和传输的能力。

附：英文原文

Title: Phylogenomic characterization and signs of microevolution in the 2022 multi-country outbreak of monkeypox virus

Author: Isidro, Joana, Borges, Vtor, Pinto, Miguel, Sobral, Daniel, Santos, Joo Dourado, Nunes, Alexandra, Mixo, Vernica, Ferreira, Rita, Santos, Daniela, Duarte, Silvia, Vieira, Lus, Borrego, Maria Jos, Nncio, Sofia, de Carvalho, Isabel Lopes, Pelerito, Ana, Cordeiro, Rita, Gomes, Joo Paulo

Issue&Volume: 2022-06-24

Abstract: The largest monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak described so far in non-endemic countries was identified in May 20221-6. Here, shotgun metagenomics allowed the rapid reconstruction and phylogenomic characterization of the first MPXV outbreak genome sequences, showing that this MPXV belongs to clade 3 and that the outbreak most likely has a single origin. Although 2022 MPXV (lineage B.1) clustered with 2018-2019 cases linked to an endemic country, it segregates in a divergent phylogenetic branch, likely reflecting continuous accelerated evolution. An in-depth mutational analysis suggests the action of host APOBEC3 in viral evolution as well as signs of potential MPXV human adaptation in ongoing microevolution. Our findings also indicate that genome sequencing may provide resolution to track the spread and transmission of this presumably slow-evolving dsDNA virus.

DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-01907-y

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-022-01907-y