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研究揭示全球海洋微生物组的生物合成潜力
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2022/6/26 19:50:25

瑞士苏黎世联邦理工学院Shinichi Sunagawa等研究人员合作揭示全球海洋微生物组的生物合成潜力。2022年6月22日,《自然》杂志在线发表了这项成果。

通过整合来自培养和单细胞的约10,000个微生物基因组与来自1,000多个海水样本的25,000个新重建的基因组草图,研究人员调查了海洋中生物合成基因群的多样性和新颖性。这些工作揭示了大约40,000个推测的主要是新的生物合成基因簇,其中一些是在以前未被发现的系统发育组中发现的。在这些群体中,研究人员确定了一个富含生物合成基因簇的品系('Candidatus Eudoremicrobiaceae'),它属于一个未培养的细菌门,并包括这个环境中一些生物合成最多样化的微生物。从这些微生物中,研究人员表征了phospeptin和pythonamide途径,并分别揭示了不寻常的生物活性化合物结构和酶学案例。这项研究显示了微生物组学驱动的策略,如何能够在未被充分开发的微生物群体和环境中调查以前未被描述的酶和天然产物。
 
据介绍,自然界的微生物群落在系统发育和新陈代谢方面具有多样性。除了未被充分开发的生物群体,这种多样性包含了生态和生物技术上相关的酶和生化化合物的丰富发现潜力。然而,研究这种多样性来确定合成这种化合物的基因组途径,并将其分配给各自的宿主,仍然具有挑战性。由于在全球范围内对基因组解析数据分析的限制,公海中微生物的生物合成潜力在很大程度上仍未被发现。
 
附:英文原文
 
Title: Biosynthetic potential of the global ocean microbiome

Author: Paoli, Lucas, Ruscheweyh, Hans-Joachim, Forneris, Clarissa C., Hubrich, Florian, Kautsar, Satria, Bhushan, Agneya, Lotti, Alessandro, Clayssen, Quentin, Salazar, Guillem, Milanese, Alessio, Carlstrm, Charlotte I., Papadopoulou, Chrysa, Gehrig, Daniel, Karasikov, Mikhail, Mustafa, Harun, Larralde, Martin, Carroll, Laura M., Snchez, Pablo, Zayed, Ahmed A., Cronin, Dylan R., Acinas, Silvia G., Bork, Peer, Bowler, Chris, Delmont, Tom O., Gasol, Josep M., Gossert, Alvar D., Kahles, Andr, Sullivan, Matthew B., Wincker, Patrick, Zeller, Georg, Robinson, Serina L., Piel, Jrn, Sunagawa, Shinichi

Issue&Volume: 2022-06-22

Abstract: Natural microbial communities are phylogenetically and metabolically diverse. In addition to underexplored organismal groups1, this diversity encompasses a rich discovery potential for ecologically and biotechnologically relevant enzymes and biochemical compounds2,3. However, studying this diversity to identify genomic pathways for the synthesis of such compounds4 and assigning them to their respective hosts remains challenging. The biosynthetic potential of microorganisms in the open ocean remains largely uncharted owing to limitations in the analysis of genome-resolved data at the global scale. Here we investigated the diversity and novelty of biosynthetic gene clusters in the ocean by integrating around 10,000 microbial genomes from cultivated and single cells with more than 25,000 newly reconstructed draft genomes from more than 1,000 seawater samples. These efforts revealed approximately 40,000 putative mostly new biosynthetic gene clusters, several of which were found in previously unsuspected phylogenetic groups. Among these groups, we identified a lineage rich in biosynthetic gene clusters (‘Candidatus Eudoremicrobiaceae’) that belongs to an uncultivated bacterial phylum and includes some of the most biosynthetically diverse microorganisms in this environment. From these, we characterized the phospeptin and pythonamide pathways, revealing cases of unusual bioactive compound structure and enzymology, respectively. Together, this research demonstrates how microbiomics-driven strategies can enable the investigation of previously undescribed enzymes and natural products in underexplored microbial groups and environments.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04862-3

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-04862-3

期刊信息

Nature:《自然》,创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:43.07
官方网址:http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接:http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html