美国加州大学Tomasz J. Nowakowski研究组利用神经干细胞生态位命运映射揭示了人类皮质星形胶质细胞的不同起源。相关论文于2022年5月19日发表在《科学》杂志上。

通过在原代人体组织中进行命运映射，研究人员发现来源于心室和心室下（分别为VZ和OSVZ）生态位的星形胶质细胞发育成了解剖学上的不同层。皮质板星形胶质细胞起源于VZ祖细胞并局部增殖，而假定的白质星形胶质细胞在形态上则是异质的，并且从VZ和OSVZ祖细胞中出现。

此外，通过使用Patch-seq对形态学不同的星形胶质细胞亚型进行单细胞测序，研究确定了VZ衍生皮质板星形胶质细胞和由成年时期OSVZ衍生而来白质星形胶质细胞间的分子差异。总的来说，该研究揭示了细胞谱系在人类新皮质星形胶质细胞多样化中的复杂作用。

据了解，在发育过程中，人新皮质祖细胞来源于心室和外心室下区。 然而，尚不清楚这些生态位的所有细胞是否具有相似的发育命运。

附：英文原文

Title: Fate mapping of neural stem cell niches reveals distinct origins of human cortical astrocytes

Author: Denise E. Allen, Kevin C. Donohue, Cathryn R. Cadwell, David Shin, Matthew G. Keefe, Vikaas S. Sohal, Tomasz J. Nowakowski

Issue&Volume: 2022-05-19

Abstract: Progenitors of the developing human neocortex reside in the ventricular and outer subventricular zones (VZ and OSVZ, respectively). However, whether cells derived from these niches have similar developmental fates is unknown. By performing fate mapping in primary human tissue, we demonstrate that astrocytes derived from these niches populate anatomically distinct layers. Cortical plate astrocytes emerge from VZ progenitors and proliferate locally, while putative white matter astrocytes are morphologically heterogeneous and emerge from both VZ and OSVZ progenitors. Furthermore, via single-cell sequencing of morphologically defined astrocyte subtypes using Patch-seq, we identify molecular distinctions between VZ- derived cortical plate astrocytes and OSVZ- derived white matter astrocytes that persist into adulthood. Together, our study highlights a complex role for cell lineage in the diversification of human neocortical astrocytes.

DOI: abm5224

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abm5224