日本东京大学R. Terauchi、H. Kato研究组在研究中取得进展。他们揭示了拟南芥识别病原体来源鞘磷脂的机制。这一研究成果发表在2022年5月19日出版的国际学术期刊《科学》上。

研究人员展示了由植物致病性卵菌P. infestans神经酰胺D(Pi-Cer D)诱导的拟南芥防御反应。Pi-Cer D被拟南芥质外体神经酰胺酶NEUTRAL CERAMIDASE 2(NCER2)切割，产生的9-甲基分支鞘氨醇碱基被质膜凝集素受体样激酶RESISTANT(对DFPM对脱落酸信号的抑制具有抗性2 (RDA2)) 识别。

9-甲基分支鞘氨醇碱基对微生物具有特异性，并通过与RDA2 发生物理相互作用来诱导植物免疫反应。RDA2或NCER2功能缺失损害了拟南芥对卵菌病原体的抗性。总的来说，该研究揭示了植物识别病原体衍生脂质分子的机制。

据悉，在植物中，许多入侵的微生物病原体会被细胞表面模式识别受体识别，从而诱发防御反应。

附：英文原文

Title: Recognition of pathogen-derived sphingolipids in Arabidopsis

Author: H. Kato, K. Nemoto, M. Shimizu, A. Abe, S. Asai, N. Ishihama, S. Matsuoka, T. Daimon, M. Ojika, K. Kawakita, K. Onai, K. Shirasu, M. Yoshida, M. Ishiura, D. Takemoto, Y. Takano, R. Terauchi

Issue&Volume: 2022-05-20

Abstract: In plants, many invading microbial pathogens are recognized by cell-surface pattern recognition receptors, which induce defense responses. Here, we show that the ceramide Phytophthora infestans–ceramide D (Pi-Cer D) from the plant pathogenic oomycete P. infestans triggers defense responses in Arabidopsis. Pi-Cer D is cleaved by an Arabidopsis apoplastic ceramidase, NEUTRAL CERAMIDASE 2 (NCER2), and the resulting 9-methyl–branched sphingoid base is recognized by a plasma membrane lectin receptor–like kinase, RESISTANT TO DFPM-INHIBITION OF ABSCISIC ACID SIGNALING 2 (RDA2). 9-Methyl–branched sphingoid base is specific to microbes and induces plant immune responses by physically interacting with RDA2. Loss of RDA2 or NCER2 function compromised Arabidopsis resistance against an oomycete pathogen. Thus, we elucidated the recognition mechanisms of pathogen-derived lipid molecules in plants.

DOI: abn0650

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abn0650