研究人员确定了卵母细胞中的"偶线期纤毛"。这个纤毛为花束机器提供了一个缆绳系统。利用斑马鱼的突变体和活体操作，研究人员证明了纤毛锚定中心体以平衡端粒的拉力。纤毛对花束和联会复合物的形成、卵子生成、卵巢发育和生育能力是必不可少的。因此，纤毛代表了斑马鱼和小鼠减数分裂中的一个保守的角色，它揭示了纤毛症中的生殖方面，并表明纤毛可以控制染色体的动态。
据了解，减数分裂的一个标志是染色体配对，这需要通过微管将端粒拴住并在核包膜上旋转，推动染色体同源性搜索。端粒被拉向中心体形成"偶线期染色体花束"。
附：英文原文
Title: Control of meiotic chromosomal bouquet and germ cell morphogenesis by the zygotene cilium
Author: Avishag Mytlis, Vineet Kumar, Tao Qiu, Rachael Deis, Neta Hart, Karine Levy, Markus Masek, Amal Shawahny, Adam Ahmad, Hagai Eitan, Farouq Nather, Shai Adar-Levor, Ramon Y. Birnbaum, Natalie Elia, Ruxandra Bachmann-Gagescu, Sudipto Roy, Yaniv M. Elkouby
Issue&Volume: 2022-05-12
Abstract: A hallmark of meiosis is chromosomal pairing, which requires telomere tethering and rotation on the nuclear envelope via microtubules, driving chromosome homology searches. Telomere pulling toward the centrosome forms the “zygotene chromosomal bouquet”. Here, we identified the “zygotene cilium” in oocytes. This cilium provides a cable system for the bouquet machinery, extending throughout the germline cyst. Using zebrafish mutants and live manipulations, we demonstrate that the cilium anchors the centrosome to counterbalance telomere pulling. The cilium is essential for bouquet and synaptonemal complex formation, oogenesis, ovarian development, and fertility. Thus, a cilium represents a conserved player in zebrafish and mouse meiosis, which sheds light on reproductive aspects in ciliopathies, and suggests that cilia can control chromosomal dynamics.
DOI: abh3104
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abh3104