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包含血统的狗基因组学挑战流行的品种定型观念
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2022/4/30 11:22:55

美国马萨诸塞大学医学院Elinor K. Karlsson和Kathleen Morrill共同合作取得重要工作进展。他们探索了遗传学如何在特殊的自然模型中塑造现代狗的复杂行为特征,通过包含血统的狗基因组学挑战流行的品种定型观念。该项成果2022年4月29日在线出版于《科学》杂志上。

研究人员通过调查18,385只纯种和混种狗的主人并对2155只狗进行基因分型来审查品种固有特征。大多数行为特征是可遗传的[遗传力(h2)> 25%],混种狗的混合模式揭示了品种倾向。品种只解释了9%的个体行为变化。全基因组关联分析确定了与行为显著相关的11个位点,特征品种行为表现出遗传复杂性。行为基因座在品种中没有异常分化,但品种倾向与祖先功能一致,尽管很弱。

研究人员提出,被视为现代品种特征的行为源于数千年早于品种形成的多基因适应,现代品种主要以审美特征为特征。

据介绍,狗的行为遗传学研究主要关注现代品种,它们是具有独特身体特征和行为特征的孤立亚群。 

附:英文原文

Title: Ancestry-inclusive dog genomics challenges popular breed stereotypes

Author: Kathleen Morrill, Jessica Hekman, Xue Li, Jesse McClure, Brittney Logan, Linda Goodman, Mingshi Gao, Yinan Dong, Marjie Alonso, Elena Carmichael, Noah Snyder-Mackler, Jacob Alonso, Hyun Ji Noh, Jeremy Johnson, Michele Koltookian, Charlie Lieu, Kate Megquier, Ross Swofford, Jason Turner-Maier, Michelle E. White, Zhiping Weng, Andrés Colubri, Diane P. Genereux, Kathryn A. Lord, Elinor K. Karlsson

Issue&Volume: 2022-04-29

Abstract: Behavioral genetics in dogs has focused on modern breeds, which are isolated subgroups with distinctive physical and, purportedly, behavioral characteristics. We interrogated breed stereotypes by surveying owners of 18,385 purebred and mixed-breed dogs and genotyping 2155 dogs. Most behavioral traits are heritable [heritability (h2) > 25%], and admixture patterns in mixed-breed dogs reveal breed propensities. Breed explains just 9% of behavioral variation in individuals. Genome-wide association analyses identify 11 loci that are significantly associated with behavior, and characteristic breed behaviors exhibit genetic complexity. Behavioral loci are not unusually differentiated in breeds, but breed propensities align, albeit weakly, with ancestral function. We propose that behaviors perceived as characteristic of modern breeds derive from thousands of years of polygenic adaptation that predates breed formation, with modern breeds distinguished primarily by aesthetic traits.

DOI: abk0639

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abk0639

 

期刊信息
Science:《科学》,创刊于1880年。隶属于美国科学促进会,最新IF:41.037