中科院长春应化所明军团队报道了不可燃电解质实现高电压和宽温度锂离子电池快速充电。相关研究成果于2022年12月25日发表在《德国应用化学》。

电解质设计对于提高锂离子电池（LIBs）的性能变得越来越重要。然而，传统电解质的可燃性问题和高反应性仍然是一个主要问题，特别是当LIBs在高压和极端温度下使用时。

该文中，研究人员设计了一种新型的不可燃氟化酯电解质，该电解质能够在宽温度变化（例如，-50°C~60°C）下实现高循环稳定性，并在高电压（即，>4.3V vs.Li/Li⁺）下为石墨||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2（NCM811）电池提供优异的功率能力（高达5.0 C的快速充电率）。此外，该项工作在分子水平上揭示了Li⁺、溶剂和阴离子之间的动态演化和相互作用。通过阐明Li⁺溶剂化结构和电化学性能之间的基本关系，可以促进在恶劣条件下操作的高安全性和高能量密度电池的开发。

附：英文原文

Title: Non-Flammable Electrolyte Enables High-Voltage and Wide-Temperature Lithium-Ion Batteries with Fast Charging

Author: Yeguo Zou, Zheng Ma, Gang Liu, Qian Li, Dongming Yin, Xuejian Shi, Zhen Cao, Zhengnan Tian, Hun Kim, Yingjun Guo, Chunsheng Sun, Luigi Cavallo, Limin Wang, Husam N. Alshareef, Yang-Kook Sun, Jun Ming

Issue&Volume: 2022-12-25

Abstract: Electrolyte design has become ever more important to enhance the performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the flammability issue and high reactivity of the conventional electrolytes remain a major problem, especially when the LIBs are operated at high voltage and extreme temperatures. Herein, we design a novel non-flammable fluorinated ester electrolyte that enables high cycling stability in wide-temperature variations (e.g., -50°C~60°C) and superior power capability (fast charge rates up to 5.0 C) for the graphite || LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) battery at high voltage (i.e., > 4.3 V vs. Li/Li+). Moreover, this work sheds new light on the dynamic evolution and interaction among the Li+, solvent, and anion at the molecular level. By elucidating the fundamental relationship between the Li+ solvation structure and electrochemical performance, we can facilitate the development of high-safety and high-energy-density batteries operating in harsh conditions.

DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216189

Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.202216189