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中脑运动区身体活动的功能多样性
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2021/7/31 21:09:15

瑞士巴塞尔大学Silvia Arber课题组揭示中脑运动区身体动作的功能多样性。2021年7月23日,《细胞》杂志在线发表了这项成果。

研究人员表示,中脑运动区(MLR)是一个关键的中脑中心,在运动中发挥作用。尽管针对耐药的帕金森病(PD)进行了广泛的研究和临床试验,但对其功能的争论仍然存在。

研究人员发现,MLR存在着功能不同的神经元群,它们在控制身体运动方面具有不同的作用。研究人员确定了两个空间上相互混合的谷氨酸能群体,它们可通过轴突投射、小鼠遗传学、神经元活动图谱和运动功能分开。大多数脊髓投射的MLR神经元对全身行为(rearing)进行编码。功能丧失和功能获得的光遗传扰动实验确定了这些神经元在控制身体伸展方面的功能。相反,Rbp4转基因阳性的MLR神经元以上升方向投射到基底神经节,优先编码前肢行为的操作和梳毛,并表现出调节运动的作用。因此,MLR含有谷氨酸能神经元亚群,并按投射靶标分层,在行动控制中表现出不限于移动的作用。

附:英文原文

Title: Functional diversity for body actions in the mesencephalic locomotor region

Author: Manuel J. Ferreira-Pinto, Harsh Kanodia, Antonio Falasconi, Markus Sigrist, Maria S. Esposito, Silvia Arber

Issue&Volume: 2021-07-23

Abstract: The mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) is a key midbrain center with roles in locomotion. Despite extensive studies and clinical trials aimed at therapy-resistant Parkinson’s disease (PD), debate on its function remains. Here, we reveal the existence of functionally diverse neuronal populations with distinct roles in control of body movements. We identify two spatially intermingled glutamatergic populations separable by axonal projections, mouse genetics, neuronal activity profiles, and motor functions. Most spinally projecting MLR neurons encoded the full-body behavior rearing. Loss- and gain-of-function optogenetic perturbation experiments establish a function for these neurons in controlling body extension. In contrast, Rbp4-transgene-positive MLR neurons project in an ascending direction to basal ganglia, preferentially encode the forelimb behaviors handling and grooming, and exhibit a role in modulating movement. Thus, the MLR contains glutamatergic neuronal subpopulations stratified by projection target exhibiting roles in action control not restricted to locomotion.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.07.002

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(21)00828-X

期刊信息
Cell:《细胞》,创刊于1974年。隶属于细胞出版社,最新IF:36.216
官方网址:https://www.cell.com/