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科学家开发出嵌合刺突mRNA疫苗
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2021/6/27 15:43:28

美国北卡罗来纳大学Ralph S. Baric、David R. Martinez等研究人员合作开发出嵌合刺突mRNA疫苗。这一研究成果于2021年6月22日在线发表在国际学术期刊《科学》上。

使用嵌合突刺设计,研究人员在易感染的年老小鼠中报道了对来自SARS-CoV、SARS-CoV-2、SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351、蝙蝠CoV(Bt-CoV)RsSHC014和异源Bt-CoV WIV-1感染的保护。嵌合刺突mRNA诱导出高水平的广泛保护性中和抗体,从而可对抗高风险的Sarbecovirus。

相比之下,SARS-CoV-2 mRNA疫苗接种不仅显示对异源Sarbecovirus中和滴度的显著降低,而且小鼠中的SARS-CoV和WIV-1攻击导致了突破性感染。嵌合刺突mRNA疫苗有效地中和了 D614G、mink cluster 5、英国B.1.1.7.和南非B.1.351相关变种。因此,多重嵌合突刺可以预防具有大流行潜力的类似SARS人畜共患冠状病毒感染。

据悉,2003年SARS-CoV和2019年SARS-CoV-2的出现凸显了制定针对更广泛Sarbecovirus亚属通用疫苗接种策略的必要性。

附:英文原文

Title: Chimeric spike mRNA vaccines protect against Sarbecovirus challenge in mice

Author: David R. Martinez, Alexandra Schfer, Sarah R. Leist, Gabriela De la Cruz, Ande West, Elena N. Atochina-Vasserman, Lisa C. Lindesmith, Norbert Pardi, Robert Parks, Maggie Barr, Dapeng Li, Boyd Yount, Kevin O. Saunders, Drew Weissman, Barton F. Haynes, Stephanie A. Montgomery, Ralph S. Baric

Issue&Volume: 2021/06/22

Abstract: The emergence of SARS-CoV in 2003 and SARS-CoV-2 in 2019 highlights the need to develop universal vaccination strategies against the broader Sarbecovirus subgenus. Using chimeric spike designs, we demonstrate protection against challenge from SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351, bat CoV (Bt-CoV) RsSHC014, and a heterologous Bt-CoV WIV-1 in vulnerable aged mice. Chimeric spike mRNAs induced high levels of broadly protective neutralizing antibodies against high-risk Sarbecoviruses. In contrast, SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination not only showed a marked reduction in neutralizing titers against heterologous Sarbecoviruses, but SARS-CoV and WIV-1 challenge in mice resulted in breakthrough infections. Chimeric spike mRNA vaccines efficiently neutralized D614G, mink cluster five, and the UK B.1.1.7., and South African B.1.351 variants of concern. Thus, multiplexed-chimeric spikes can prevent SARS-like zoonotic coronavirus infections with pandemic potential.

DOI: 10.1126/science.abi4506

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2021/06/22/science.abi4506

期刊信息
Science:《科学》,创刊于1880年。隶属于美国科学促进会,最新IF:41.037