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疫苗接种重塑未感染成人的病毒特异性T细胞库
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2021/5/20 13:51:38

美国宾夕法尼亚大学Laura F. Su团队的研究显示,接种疫苗可重塑未感染成人的病毒特异性T细胞库。这一研究成果在线发表在2021年5月17日出版的国际学术期刊《免疫学》上。

研究人员探究了基线CD4+ T细胞库和其前体细胞如何利用接种黄热病病毒(YFV)产生的初次免疫影响人对病原体感染的反应。研究人员通过肽-MHC四聚体染色鉴定了未感染个体YFV特异性T细胞,并通过四聚体和TCR测序追踪疫苗接种前后的细胞变化。在未感染YFV的情况下,大量YFV反应性T细胞表达记忆表型标记并通过克隆扩增。

接种疫苗后,具有低克隆多态性的已存YFV特异性T细胞群体进行有限的扩增,但具有未扩增TCR的稀有亚群可产生强烈应答。这些改变重塑了组织免疫优势的层次,并导致总体更高亲和力T细胞的增加。因此,代替进一步增加显性克隆扩增,YFV疫苗接种招募了稀有且响应性更强的T细胞。

该研究说明了疫苗在区分T细胞反应优先次序方面的影响,并揭示了重组T细胞库是有效疫苗接种的关键部分。

附:英文原文

Title: Vaccination reshapes the virus-specific T cell repertoire in unexposed adults

Author: Yi-Gen Pan, Benjamas Aiamkitsumrit, Laurent Bartolo, Yifeng Wang, Criswell Lavery, Adam Marc, Patrick V. Holec, C. Garrett Rappazzo, Theresa Eilola, Phyllis A. Gimotty, Scott E. Hensley, Rustom Antia, Veronika I. Zarnitsyna, Michael E. Birnbaum, Laura F. Su

Issue&Volume: 2021-05-17

Abstract: We examined how baseline CD4+ T cell repertoire and precursor states impact responses to pathogen infection inhumans using primary immunization with yellow fever virus (YFV) vaccine. YFV-specificT cells in unexposed individuals were identified by peptide-MHC tetramer stainingand tracked pre- and post-vaccination by tetramers and TCR sequencing. A substantialnumber of YFV-reactive T cells expressed memory phenotype markers and contained expandedclones in the absence of exposure to YFV. After vaccination, pre-existing YFV-specificT cell populations with low clonal diversity underwent limited expansion, but rarepopulations with a reservoir of unexpanded TCRs generated robust responses. Thesealtered dynamics reorganized the immunodominance hierarchy and resulted in an overallincrease in higher avidity T cells. Thus, instead of further increasing the representationof dominant clones, YFV vaccination recruits rare and more responsive T cells. Ourfindings illustrate the impact of vaccines in prioritizing T cell responses and revealrepertoire reorganization as a key component of effective vaccination.

DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.04.023

Source: https://www.cell.com/immunity/fulltext/S1074-7613(21)00185-0

期刊信息

Immunity:《免疫》,创刊于1994年。隶属于细胞出版社,最新IF:21.522
官方网址:https://www.cell.com/immunity/home
投稿链接:https://www.editorialmanager.com/immunity/default.aspx