2021年12月7日， 北京师范大学吴倩等研究人员合作在《细胞—干细胞》杂志发表论文，破译人类下丘脑发育的空间-时间转录图谱。

研究人员揭示了人类下丘脑发育的时空转录组图谱和细胞类型特征，并说明了神经祖细胞的分子多样性和细胞命运的决定，这是由转录因子组合编程的。不同的神经元和胶质细胞的命运是依次产生的，并表现出空间发育的不同步性。此外，人的下丘脑胶质生成发生在妊娠的早期阶段，与小鼠相比显示出独特的转录谱。

值得注意的是，人类的早期少突胶质细胞表现出不同的基因模式，并与神经元细胞相互作用，通过Wnt、Hippo和整合素信号调节神经元的成熟。总的来说，这项研究提供了人类下丘脑在胚胎早期和中期发育的全面分子图谱，为理解其空间和功能的复杂性奠定了基础。

据了解，下丘脑包括各种核团和神经元亚群，控制着基本的平衡和行为。然而，人类下丘脑发育的时空分子特征在很大程度上还没有被探索。

附：英文原文

Title: Deciphering the spatial-temporal transcriptional landscape of human hypothalamus development

Author: Xin Zhou, Yufeng Lu, Fangqi Zhao, Ji Dong, Wenji Ma, Suijuan Zhong, Mengdi Wang, Bosong Wang, Yuqing Zhao, Yingchao Shi, Qiang Ma, Tian Lu, Jun Zhang, Xiaoqun Wang, Qian Wu

Issue&Volume: 2021-12-07

Abstract: The hypothalamus comprises various nuclei and neuronal subpopulations that controlfundamental homeostasis and behaviors. However, spatiotemporal molecular characterizationof hypothalamus development in humans is largely unexplored. Here, we revealed spatiotemporaltranscriptome profiles and cell-type characteristics of human hypothalamus developmentand illustrated the molecular diversity of neural progenitors and the cell-fate decision,which is programmed by a combination of transcription factors. Different neuronaland glial fates are sequentially produced and showed spatial developmental asynchrony.Moreover, human hypothalamic gliogenesis occurs at an earlier stage of gestation anddisplays distinctive transcription profiles compared with those in mouse. Notably,early oligodendrocyte cells in humans exhibit different gene patterns and interactwith neuronal cells to regulate neuronal maturation by Wnt, Hippo, and integrin signals.Overall, our study provides a comprehensive molecular landscape of human hypothalamusdevelopment at early- and mid-embryonic stages and a foundation for understandingits spatial and functional complexity.

DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.11.009

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-stem-cell/fulltext/S1934-5909(21)00457-4