美国罗斯威尔帕克癌症研究所Kelvin P. Lee团队发现，吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶1对维持持久的抗体反应至关重要。该研究于2021年11月16日在线发表于国际一流学术期刊《免疫》。

研究人员表示，体液免疫是保护人们免受病原体侵害的关键，每年通过儿童免疫接种在全球范围内防止200-300万例死亡就说明了这一点。长期的保护性免疫依赖于长寿命浆细胞（LLPC）亚群持续产生中和抗体。长寿浆细胞本身并不长寿，但需要与长寿浆细胞基质细胞相互作用才能生存。然而，目前仍不清楚这些相互作用是什么以及如何维持LLPC的生存和长期体液免疫的。

研究人员发现，免疫抑制酶吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶1（IDO1）是维持抗体反应和LLPC生存所必需的。IDO1的激活发生在微环境树突状细胞上的CD80/CD86与LLPC上的CD28接触时。IDO1分解的产物犬尿喹啉激活了LLPC的芳烃受体，加强了CD28的表达和生存信号。这些发现扩大了IDO1的免疫功能，并发现了一个维持LLPC生存和体液免疫的新途径。

附：英文原文

Title: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 is essential for sustaining durable antibody responses

Author: Shivana M. Lightman, Jennifer L. Peresie, Louise M. Carlson, G. Aaron Holling, Mackenzie M. Honikel, Colin A. Chavel, Michael J. Nemeth, Scott H. Olejniczak, Kelvin P. Lee

Issue&Volume: 2021-11-16

Abstract: Humoral immunity is essential for protection against pathogens, emphasized by theprevention of 2–3 million deaths worldwide annually by childhood immunizations. Long-termprotective immunity is dependent on the continual production of neutralizing antibodiesby the subset of long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs). LLPCs are not intrinsically long-lived,but require interaction with LLPC niche stromal cells for survival. However, it remainsunclear which and how these interactions sustain LLPC survival and long-term humoralimmunity. We now have found that the immunosuppressive enzyme indoleamine 2,3- dioxygenase1 (IDO1) is required to sustain antibody responses and LLPC survival. Activation ofIDO1 occurs upon the engagement of CD80/CD86 on the niche dendritic cells by CD28on LLPC. Kynurenine, the product of IDO1 catabolism, activates the aryl hydrocarbonreceptor in LLPC, reinforcing CD28 expression and survival signaling. These findingsexpand the immune function of IDO1 and uncover a novel pathway for sustaining LLPCsurvival and humoral immunity.

DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.10.005

Source: https://www.cell.com/immunity/fulltext/S1074-7613(21)00411-8