美国俄亥俄州立大学环境与大地工程Gil Bohrer等取得最新进展。他们从三十年来不断变化的北极地区动物运动追踪中获得生态学见解。相关论文发表在2020年11月6日出版的《科学》杂志上。

他们介绍了新的北极动物运动档案馆（AAMA），从1991年至今，它逐渐收集了200多种标准化的陆地和海洋动物追踪研究。AAMA支持公共数据发现，保留将来的基本基准数据，并促进高效的综合数据分析。通过基于AAMA的案例研究，他们记录了气候变化使鹰的迁移物候，驯鹿生殖物候对气候变化适应性响应的地理差异，以及陆地哺乳动物运动速率随温度升高而发生的特定物种变化。

研究人员表示，北极正在进入一种新的生态状态，给人类带来了令人震惊的后果。动物传播的传感器为了解这些变化提供了一个窗口。尽管存在来自北极和亚北极的大量动物跟踪数据，但大多数数据很难发现和获取。

附：英文原文

Title: Ecological insights from three decades of animal movement tracking across a changing Arctic

Author: Sarah C. Davidson, Gil Bohrer, Eliezer Gurarie, Scott LaPoint, Peter J. Mahoney, Natalie T. Boelman, Jan U. H. Eitel, Laura R. Prugh, Lee A. Vierling, Jyoti Jennewein, Emma Grier, Ophélie Couriot, Allicia P. Kelly, Arjan J. H. Meddens, Ruth Y. Oliver, Roland Kays, Martin Wikelski, Tomas Aarvak, Joshua T. Ackerman, José A. Alves, Erin Bayne, Bryan Bedrosian, Jerrold L. Belant, Andrew M. Berdahl, Alicia M. Berlin, Dominique Berteaux, Jol Bêty, Dmitrijs Boiko, Travis L. Booms, Bridget L. Borg, Stan Boutin, W. Sean Boyd, Kane Brides, Stephen Brown, Victor N. Bulyuk, Kurt K. Burnham, David Cabot, Michael Casazza, Katherine Christie, Erica H. Craig, Shanti E. Davis, Tracy Davison, Dominic Demma, Christopher R. DeSorbo, Andrew Dixon, Robert Domenech, Gtz Eichhorn, Kyle Elliott, Joseph R. Evenson, Klaus-Michael Exo, Steven H. Ferguson, Wolfgang Fiedler

Issue&Volume: 2020/11/06

Abstract: The Arctic is entering a new ecological state, with alarming consequences for humanity. Animal-borne sensors offer a window into these changes. Although substantial animal tracking data from the Arctic and subarctic exist, most are difficult to discover and access. Here, we present the new Arctic Animal Movement Archive (AAMA), a growing collection of more than 200 standardized terrestrial and marine animal tracking studies from 1991 to the present. The AAMA supports public data discovery, preserves fundamental baseline data for the future, and facilitates efficient, collaborative data analysis. With AAMA-based case studies, we document climatic influences on the migration phenology of eagles, geographic differences in the adaptive response of caribou reproductive phenology to climate change, and species-specific changes in terrestrial mammal movement rates in response to increasing temperature.

DOI: 10.1126/science.abb7080

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/370/6517/712