美国加州理工学院Carlos Lois研究团队近日揭示了神经元网络如何编码长期记忆。这一研究成果发表在2019年8月23出版的国际学术期刊《科学》上。

神经元如何编码长期记忆？研究人员发现，小鼠海马中神经元活动的双侧成像显示，从头一天到第二天，大约40％的神经元改变其对提示的反应，但此后每天仅有1％的细胞发生变化。尽管有这些变化，但神经元反应对于先前完成任务复习的缺乏或海马区病变是有弹性的。与个体神经元不同（其反应在几天后发生变化），具有半球间和半球内同步活动的神经元群体在数周内显示出稳定的反应。神经元在几天内维持其反应的可能性与其活动同步的神经元的数量成比例。存储在各个神经元中的信息相对不稳定，但它可以可靠地存储在同步活动神经元的网络中。

附：英文原文

Title: Persistence of neuronal representations through time and damage in the hippocampus

Author: Walter G. Gonzalez, Hanwen Zhang, Anna Harutyunyan, Carlos Lois

Issue&Volume: Volume 365 Issue 6455

Abstract: How do neurons encode long-term memories Bilateral imaging of neuronal activity in the mouse hippocampus reveals that, from one day to the next, ~40% of neurons change their responsiveness to cues, but thereafter only 1% of cells change per day. Despite these changes, neuronal responses are resilient to a lack of exposure to a previously completed task or to hippocampus lesions. Unlike individual neurons, the responses of which change after a few days, groups of neurons with inter- and intrahemispheric synchronous activity show stable responses for several weeks. The likelihood that a neuron maintains its responsiveness across days is proportional to the number of neurons with which its activity is synchronous. Information stored in individual neurons is relatively labile, but it can be reliably stored in networks of synchronously active neurons.

DOI: 10.1126/science.aav9199

Source:https://science.sciencemag.org/content/365/6455/821