伊利诺斯大学芝加哥分校Orly Lazarov团队在研究中取得进展。他们发现在老年人和阿尔兹海默症患者中，海马神经发生持续存在。 2019年5月23日出版的《Cell Stem Cell》发表了这项成果。

课题组证明海马神经发生在生命的第10个十年是持续存在的，并且在轻度认知障碍和阿尔茨海默症患者中可以检测到。在18名平均年龄为90.6岁的被试者中，检测到Nestin⁺、Sox²⁺神经祖细胞(NPCs)、DCX⁺成神经细胞和未成熟神经元，但其数量在被试者之间存在很大差异。Nestin⁺细胞定位于海马前部，NPCs、成神经细胞和未成熟神经元沿前后轴均匀分布。轻度认知障碍患者DCX⁺、PCNA⁺细胞数量减少，且成神经细胞数量越多，认知状态越好。DCX⁺、PCNA⁺细胞数量与突触前可溶性NPC附着蛋白的功能相互作用的水平有关。他们的研究结果表明，在年老和患病的人脑中，海马神经发生持续存在，并可能与认知有关。

据悉，海马体神经发生是否在人脑中持续存在，还没有完全解决。

附：英文原文

Title: Human Hippocampal Neurogenesis Persists in Aged Adults and Alzheimer’s Disease Patients

Author: Matthew K. Tobin, Kianna Musaraca, Ahmed Disouky, David A. Bennett, Konstantinos Arfanakis, Orly Lazarov

Issue&Volume:Jun 06, 2019 Volume 24Issue 6

Abstract: Whether hippocampal neurogenesis persists throughout life in the human brain is not fully resolved. Here, we demonstrate that hippocampal neurogenesis is persistent through the tenth decade of life and is detectable in patients with mild cognitive impairments and Alzheimer’s disease. In a cohort of 18 participants with a mean age of 90.6 years, Nestin +Sox2 + neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and DCX + neuroblasts and immature neurons were detected, but their numbers greatly varied between participants. Nestin + cells localize in the anterior hippocampus, and NPCs, neuroblasts, and immature neurons are evenly distributed along the anterior to posterior axis. The number of DCX +PCNA + cells is reduced in mild cognitive impairments, and higher numbers of neuroblasts are associated with better cognitive status. The number of DCX +PCNA + cells correlates with functional interactions between presynaptic SNARE proteins. Our results suggest that hippocampal neurogenesis persists in the aged and diseased human brain and that it is possibly associated with cognition.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2019.05.003

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-stem-cell/fulltext/S1934-5909(19)30207-3#