论文标题：Intellectual synthesis in mentorship determines success in academic careers

期刊：Nature Communications

作者：Jean F. Liénard, Titipat Achakulvisut, Daniel E. Acuna, Stephen V. David

发表时间：2018/11/27

数字识别码： 10.1038/s41467-018-07034-y

原文链接：http://t.cn/EL8mDiF

微信链接：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/gnm5fJ6CbeUNeHhAYmRPIw

根据《自然-通讯》发表的一篇论文Intellectual synthesis in mentorship determines success in academic careers，在生命科学领域，研究人员接受专业知识不同的研究生导师和博士后导师训练，并将这种知识融入自己的研究工作中，会使自己的职业生涯更加成功。这项研究还表明，与研究生导师相比，博士后导师对于受训研究人员的成功更加有帮助。

图1：图源：Pexels

许多科学家在获得学术界的终身职位之前，都会接受博士后训练。虽然成功的导师可能训练出成功的学生，但是定义这种成功的确切参数一直不甚明了。

图2：本研究分析了生命科学中18,856组科学家“三人组”的主要特征。图源：Liénard 等

美国俄勒冈健康与科学大学的Jean Liénard及同事检查了一个包含经历过研究生训练和博士后训练的研究人员数据库，并记录了他们的训练关系。作者主要聚焦神经科学家和生命科学家，调查了大约18,800组科学家“三人组”（受训者、导师及导师的导师），并且采用数据驱动的方法评估导师与受训者在研究主题方面的差异。作者将学术成功（以获得独立职位为标准）和下一代受训者的招募情况相结合，发现如果不同导师的专业领域存在差异，并且受训者综合采用了导师们的研究方法，那么受训者成功的可能性更高。

摘要：As academic careers become more competitive, junior scientists need to understand the value that mentorship brings to their success in academia. Previous research has found that, unsurprisingly, successful mentors tend to train successful students. But what characteristics of this relationship predict success, and how? We analyzed an open-access database of 18,856 researchers who have undergone both graduate and postdoctoral training, compiled across several fields of biomedical science with an emphasis on neuroscience. Our results show that postdoctoral mentors were more instrumental to trainees’ success compared to graduate mentors. Trainees’ success in academia was also predicted by the degree of intellectual synthesis between their graduate and postdoctoral mentors. Researchers were more likely to succeed if they trained under mentors with disparate expertise and integrated that expertise into their own work. This pattern has held up over at least 40 years, despite fluctuations in the number of students and availability of independent research positions.

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期刊介绍：Nature Communications (https://www.nature.com/ncomms/) is an open access journal that publishes high-quality research from all areas of the natural sciences. Papers published by the journal represent important advances of significance to specialists within each field.

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（来源：科学网）