近日，荷兰AMOLF纳米光子学中心的Ewold Verhagen及其研究团队取得一项新进展。经过不懈努力，他们提出实现玻色子基塔耶夫链的光机械方法。相关研究成果已于2024年3月27日在国际权威学术期刊《自然》上发表。

该研究团队报道了在纳米光机械网络中玻色子模拟的实验实现，其中参数相互作用诱导了纳米力学模式之间的分束耦合和双模压缩，分别类似于费米子情况下的跳跃和p波配对。这种特殊的结构在玻色子动力学和输运中产生了一系列非同寻常的现象。研究人员观察到正交相关的手性放大，增益与系统尺寸呈指数标度，对边界条件有很强的敏感性。所有这些都与玻色子基塔耶夫链独特的非厄米拓扑性质有关。

研究人员探索了拓扑相变，并通过控制相互作用的相位和振幅揭示了丰富的动态相图。最后，他们给出了对小扰动的指数增强响应的实验证明。这些结果代表了一种新的合成相的证明，它的玻色子动力学不具有费米子的平行性。他们已经建立了一个强大的系统，来研究非厄米拓扑及其在信号处理和传感中的应用。

据悉，费米子基塔耶夫链是具有拓扑马约拉纳零模的正则模型。

附：英文原文

Title: Optomechanical realization of the bosonic Kitaev chain

Author: Slim, Jesse J., Wanjura, Clara C., Brunelli, Matteo, del Pino, Javier, Nunnenkamp, Andreas, Verhagen, Ewold

Issue&Volume: 2024-03-27

Abstract: The fermionic Kitaev chain is a canonical model featuring topological Majorana zero modes. We report the experimental realization of its bosonic analogue in a nano-optomechanical network, in which the parametric interactions induce beam-splitter coupling and two-mode squeezing among the nanomechanical modes, analogous to hopping and p-wave pairing in the fermionic case, respectively. This specific structure gives rise to a set of extraordinary phenomena in the bosonic dynamics and transport. We observe quadrature-dependent chiral amplification, exponential scaling of the gain with system size and strong sensitivity to boundary conditions. All these are linked to the unique non-Hermitian topological nature of the bosonic Kitaev chain. We probe the topological phase transition and uncover a rich dynamical phase diagram by controlling interaction phases and amplitudes. Finally, we present an experimental demonstration of an exponentially enhanced response to a small perturbation. These results represent the demonstration of a new synthetic phase of matter whose bosonic dynamics do not have fermionic parallels, and we have established a powerful system for studying non-Hermitian topology and its applications for signal manipulation and sensing.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07174-w

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07174-w