美国达特茅斯学院Tor D. Wager等研究人员，合作利用贝叶斯因子的系统识别方法解构情绪调节的大脑基础。该研究于2024年3月22日在线发表于国际一流学术期刊《自然—神经科学》。

研究人员利用贝叶斯因子和公理系统识别方法进行的分析发现，在两项独立的功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究（n=182和n=176）中，与认知重评相关的四个组成部分包含分布式神经活动模式： (1) 选择性参与认知重评的前额叶系统；(2) 同时参与重评和情绪生成的fronto-parietal-insular系统，显示其在评价中的通用作用； (3) 在负面情绪产生过程中被激活但不受重评影响的皮层下系统，包括杏仁核、下丘脑和丘脑周围灰质；以及 (4) 受重评影响而下调的负面情绪相关区域的皮层后部系统。

这些系统与重评成功与否的个体差异有关，并与神经递质结合图谱有不同关系，表明大麻素和血清素系统与重评有关。这些发现对以“边缘”为中心的重评模型提出了挑战，并为评估和加强情绪调节提供了新的系统级靶标。

据悉，认知重评是认知疗法和日常情绪调节的基础。

附：英文原文

Title: A systems identification approach using Bayes factors to deconstruct the brain bases of emotion regulation

Author: Bo, Ke, Kraynak, Thomas E., Kwon, Mijin, Sun, Michael, Gianaros, Peter J., Wager, Tor D.

Issue&Volume: 2024-03-22

Abstract: Cognitive reappraisal is fundamental to cognitive therapies and everyday emotion regulation. Analyses using Bayes factors and an axiomatic systems identification approach identified four reappraisal-related components encompassing distributed neural activity patterns across two independent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies (n=182 and n=176): (1) an anterior prefrontal system selectively involved in cognitive reappraisal; (2) a fronto-parietal-insular system engaged by both reappraisal and emotion generation, demonstrating a general role in appraisal; (3) a largely subcortical system activated during negative emotion generation but unaffected by reappraisal, including amygdala, hypothalamus and periaqueductal gray; and (4) a posterior cortical system of negative emotion-related regions downregulated by reappraisal. These systems covaried with individual differences in reappraisal success and were differentially related to neurotransmitter binding maps, implicating cannabinoid and serotonin systems in reappraisal. These findings challenge ‘limbic’-centric models of reappraisal and provide new systems-level targets for assessing and enhancing emotion regulation.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01605-7

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-024-01605-7