中国科学院化学所吴雨辰团队报道了从纳米结构组装到设备集成的分子电子学。相关研究成果发表在2024年3月14日出版的《美国化学会杂志》。

基于有机半导体的集成电子和光电子由于其可设计的电子特性、溶液可加工性和灵活性，在显示器、光伏和生物传感方面引起了人们的极大兴趣。器件的小型化和集成是分子电子学和光电子在实际应用中日益增长的趋势，这需要大规模和通用的组装策略来图案化同时具有长程有序、纯取向和高分辨率的有机微/纳米结构。

尽管在过去的几十年里已经开发了各种集成方法，但分子电子学仍然需要一个通用的平台来避免有机材料中，由于分子间弱相互作用而导致的缺陷和混乱。从这个角度来看，提供了近三十年来有机集成技术的路线图，以回顾分子电子学的历史。

首先，研究人员强调了长程有序分子堆积对实现奇异的电子和光物理性质的重要性。其次，通过控制成核和晶体取向来对分子电子的大规模集成策略进行分类，并根据分辨率、结晶度、取向、可扩展性和多功能性等因素对其进行评估。第三，讨论了基于有机场效应晶体管（OFET）和光电探测器的多功能器件和集成电路。最后，探索了未来的研究方向，并概述了进一步发展分子电子学的必要性，包括掺杂有机半导体和异质结构的组装、分子电子学中的生物界面和基于互补FET的集成有机逻辑。

附：英文原文

Title: Molecular Electronics: From Nanostructure Assembly to Device Integration

Author: Meng Yuan, Yuchen Qiu, Hanfei Gao, Jiangang Feng, Lei Jiang, Yuchen Wu

Issue&Volume: March 14, 2024

Abstract: Integrated electronics and optoelectronics based on organic semiconductors have attracted considerable interest in displays, photovoltaics, and biosensing owing to their designable electronic properties, solution processability, and flexibility. Miniaturization and integration of devices are growing trends in molecular electronics and optoelectronics for practical applications, which requires large-scale and versatile assembly strategies for patterning organic micro/nano-structures with simultaneously long-range order, pure orientation, and high resolution. Although various integration methods have been developed in past decades, molecular electronics still needs a versatile platform to avoid defects and disorders due to weak intermolecular interactions in organic materials. In this perspective, a roadmap of organic integration technologies in recent three decades is provided to review the history of molecular electronics. First, we highlight the importance of long-range-ordered molecular packing for achieving exotic electronic and photophysical properties. Second, we classify the strategies for large-scale integration of molecular electronics through the control of nucleation and crystallographic orientation, and evaluate them based on factors of resolution, crystallinity, orientation, scalability, and versatility. Third, we discuss the multifunctional devices and integrated circuits based on organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and photodetectors. Finally, we explore future research directions and outlines the need for further development of molecular electronics, including assembly of doped organic semiconductors and heterostructures, biological interfaces in molecular electronics and integrated organic logics based on complementary FETs.

DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14044

Source: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jacs.3c14044