近日，西班牙马德里理工大学的Isabel Gonzalo及其研究团队取得一项新进展。经过不懈努力，他们通过量子芝诺动力学实现量子粒子在势中的隐形传态。相关研究成果已于2024年3月12日在国际知名学术期刊《物理评论A》上发表。

该研究团队揭示了量子粒子隐形传态的可能性，这是一种与量子态通过纠缠隐形传态迥异的现象。理论上，隐形传态是可行的，关键在于将粒子置于静止状态（伴随一定不确定性），使其远离势阱或势垒的平衡点，并持续监测其是否维持静止。这种量子芝诺动力学有效抑制了加速，表现为经典拐点的消失和另一个拐点的出现。若存在其他拐点，通过增加测量频率，其出现概率可趋近于1。此现象犹如科幻小说中的瞬间传送：粒子始终静止，在拐点间路径上无踪可觅，从而节省了行走时间。

此外，研究人员深入探讨了电子、质子等粒子隐形传态的潜在可行性，并得出结论，随着粒子质量的增加，隐形传态的实用性逐渐降低。尽管如此，这项研究为后续探索奠定了基石，未来研究中，投影和瞬时测量或将被更贴近现实的模型所取代。

附：英文原文

Title: Teleportation of a quantum particle in a potential via quantum Zeno dynamics

Author: Miguel A. Porras, Miguel Casado-álvaro, Isabel Gonzalo

Issue&Volume: 2024/03/12

Abstract: We report on the possibility of teleportation of a quantum particle, a distinctly different phenomenon from the teleportation of a quantum state through entanglement. With the first meaning, teleportation is theoretically possible by placing the particle initially at rest (with a certain uncertainty) out of any equilibrium point of a potential well or barrier and by frequently monitoring whether the particle remains at rest. This quantum Zeno dynamics inhibits acceleration, and features disappearance from the classical turning point and appearance in another turning point, if there is any other, with a probability that approaches unity by increasing the frequency of the measurements. This phenomenon has all the ingredients attributed in science fiction to teleportation: The particle is always at rest, cannot be found in the path between the two turning points, and saves travel time. We discuss the feasibility, in principle, of teleportation of electrons, protons, and other particles, and conclude its increasing impracticability as the particle gets heavier. Nevertheless, our paper establishes a basis for further studies in which the projective and instantaneous measurements are replaced by more realistic models.

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.109.032207

Source: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.109.032207