中国科学院大气物理研究所Yong Li和Siqi LI团队，研究了全球范围内细化施用或不施用氮肥对旱地土壤N₂O排放的影响因素。2024年2月2日出版的《大气科学进展》杂志发表了这项成果。

研究人员对全球大型N₂O排放数据集进行相关分析和结构方程建模分析，从气候因素、土壤性质和农业实践等方面，探讨影响无氮(N)和氮肥旱作系统N₂O排放影响因素的层次关系。结果表明，施氮土壤N₂O的平均排放强度(17.83 g N ha-1 day-1)是未施氮土壤(5.34 g N ha-1 day-1)(p <0.001)的3倍。N₂O排放强度与气候因素、土壤性质和农业实践显著相关。

气候因素和农业实践分别是影响不施氮肥和施氮肥旱地土壤N₂O排放的最主要因素。3大气候带的方差分解分析表明，土壤性质和气候是不施氮土壤的关键影响因素，而土壤性质和农业实践是施氮土壤的关键影响因素。在旱作农业系统中，采用增强型农业措施，如降低氮肥施用量，同时添加硝化和脲酶抑制剂，可能会使旱作农业系统的N₂O排放量减少60%以上。

据了解，一氧化二氮(N₂O)是一种长期存在的温室气体，主要来自农业土壤，近几十年来，它吸引了大量的科学家来研究其强度、影响因素和有效的缓解措施。然而，在全球范围内，影响农业土壤N₂O排放的因素等级尚不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Refining the factors affecting N₂O emissions from upland soils with or without N fertilizer application at a global scale

Author: Weniqan JIANG, Yong Li, Siqi LI, Meihui Wang, Bo Wang, Ji LIU, Jianlin Shen, Xunhua Zheng

Issue&Volume: 2024-02-02

Abstract: Nitrous oxide (N₂O), a long-lived greenhouse gas, is mainly attributed to agricultural soils, which attracted tremendous concentrations to investigate its sources, affecting factors and effective mitigation practices in recent decades. However, the hierarchy of factors influencing N₂O emissions from agricultural soils at the global scale remained unclear. In this study, we carried out correlation and structural equation modeling analysis on a large global N₂O emission dataset to explore the hierarchy of influencing factors affecting N₂O emissions from the non-nitrogen (N) and N fertilized upland farming systems, in aspects of climatic factors, soil properties and agricultural practices. Our results showed that the average N₂O emission intensity in the N fertilized soils (17.83 g N ha-1 day-1) was three times significantly greater than that in the non-N fertilized soils (5.34 g N ha-1 day-1) (p＜0.001). N₂O emission intensity was significantly correlated with climatic factors, soil properties and agricultural practices. Climate factors and agricultural practices were the most important effect factors on N₂O emission in non-N fertilized and fertilized upland soils, respectively. The variance partitioning analysis for the three major climatic zones indicated that soil properties and climate were the key influencing factors in non-N fertilized soils, and soil properties and agricultural practices were the key factors in N fertilizer soils. Deploying enhanced agricultural practices, such as reduced fertilizer N rate combined with the addition of nitrification and urease inhibitors can potentially mitigate N₂O emissions by more than 60% in upland farming systems.

DOI: 10.1007/s00376-024-3234-7

Source: http://www.iapjournals.ac.cn/aas/en/article/doi/10.1007/s00376-024-3234-7viewType=HTML