中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所宋春桥的研究团队利用来自卫星观测和精细分类的证据，探明了1999-2020年中国东北地表水的变化。这一研究成果发表在2024年1月23日出版的国际学术期刊《Chinese Geographical Science》上。

基于各种遥感数据库，研究人员调查了1999-2020年间，中国东北地区不同类型(湖泊、水库、河流、沿海水产养殖、沼泽湿地、短暂水体)地表水体的变化情况。结果表明：近20年来，东北地区地表水资源量显著增加，等效面积从1999年的24,394 km²增加到2020年的34,595 km²；短暂水体的激增是地表水膨胀的主要驱动力，这可能被归因于降水模式的转变。沼泽湿地、河流和水库经历了类似的趋势，在年代际尺度上增加了约20%。

相比之下，沿海水产养殖和自然湖泊保持相对稳定。结果强调，本研究可有望为中国东北地区地表水变化提供更全面的调查，对不同类型地表水的科学管理具有重要的现实意义。

据悉，东北地区是典型的农业生产需水量大区，了解其地表水的时空变化规律对水资源管理和可持续发展至关重要。然而，对东北地区不同水体类型地表水的长期变化特征研究较少。

附：英文原文

Title: Monitoring Surface Water Change in Northeast China in 1999–2020: Evidence from Satellite Observation and Refined Classification

Author: Liu, Kai, Zhang, Dapeng, Chen, Tan, Cui, Peipei, Fan, Chenyu, Song, Chunqiao

Issue&Volume: 2024-01-23

Abstract: As a typical region with high water demand for agricultural production, understanding the spatiotemporal surface water changes in Northeast China is critical for water resources management and sustainable development. However, the long-term variation characteristics of surface water of different water body types in Northeast China remain rarely explored. This study investigated how surface water bodies of different types (e.g., lake, reservoir, river, coastal aquaculture, marsh wetland, ephemeral water) changed during 1999–2020 in Northeast China based on various remote sensing-based datasets. The results showed that surface water in Northeast China grew dramatically in the past two decades, with an equivalent area increasing from 24,394 km² in 1999 to 34,595 km² in 2020. The surge of ephemeral water is the primary driver of surface water expansion, which could ascribe to shifted precipitation pattern. Marsh wetlands, rivers, and reservoirs experienced a similar trend, with an approximate 20% increase at the interdecadal scale. By contrast, coastal aquacultures and natural lakes remain relatively stable. This study is expected to provide a more comprehensive investigation of the surface water variability in Northeast China and has important practical significance for the scientific management of different types of surface water.

DOI: 10.1007/s11769-024-1411-3

Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11769-024-1411-3