中国科学院大气物理研究所成里京教授最新的研究揭示，海洋温度和相关气候指标在2023年创历史新高。相关论文于2024年1月12日发表在《大气科学进展》杂志上。

研究人员称，与2022年相比，2023年0-2000m的海洋热含量要高15±10 ZJ (1泽塔焦耳 = 10²¹焦耳) (更新的IAP/CAS数据)；或高9 ± 5 ZJ (NCEI/NOAA数据)。热带大西洋、地中海和南大洋记录了自20世纪50年代以来最高的海洋热含量。与强厄尔尼诺现象的发生有关，全球海温在2023年达到历史新高，年平均温度比2022年高约0.23°C，2023年下半年的温度数值比2022年的高出惊人的0.3°C以上。密度分层和空间温度不均匀性指数在2023年达到最大值。

据悉，人类活动引发的大气温室气体不断增加，全球物理和生物地球化学环境已经发生了重大变化。2023年，海表温度(SST)和2000米以上海洋热含量(OHC)均创历史新高。

附：英文原文

Title: New Record Ocean Temperatures and Related Climate Indicators in 2023

Author: Lijing CHENG, John ABRAHAM, Kevin E. TRENBERTH, Tim BOYER, Michael E. MANN, Jiang ZHU, Fan WANG, Fujiang YU, Ricardo LOCARNINI, John FASULLO, Fei ZHENG, Yuanlong LI, Bin ZHANG, Liying WAN, Xingrong CHEN, Dakui WANG, Licheng FENG, Xiangzhou SONG, Yulong LIU, Franco RESEGHETTI, Simona SIMONCELLI, Viktor GOURETSKI, Gengxin CHEN, Alexey MISHONOV, Jim REAGAN, Karina VON SCHUCKMANN, Yuying PAN, Zhetao TAN, Yujing ZHU, Wangxu WEI, Guancheng LI, Qiuping REN, Lijuan CAO, Yayang LU

Issue&Volume: 2024-01-12

Abstract: The global physical and biogeochemical environment has been substantially altered in response to increased atmospheric greenhouse gases from human activities. In 2023, the sea surface temperature (SST) and upper 2000 m ocean heat content (OHC) reached record highs. The 0–2000 m OHC in 2023 exceeded that of 2022 by 15 ± 10 ZJ (1 Zetta Joules = 1021 Joules) (updated IAP/CAS data); 9 ± 5 ZJ (NCEI/NOAA data). The Tropical Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, and southern oceans recorded their highest OHC observed since the 1950s. Associated with the onset of a strong El Nino, the global SST reached its record high in 2023 with an annual mean of ~0.23°C higher than 2022 and an astounding > 0.3°C above 2022 values for the second half of 2023. The density stratification and spatial temperature inhomogeneity indexes reached their highest values in 2023.

DOI: 10.1007/s00376-024-3378-5

Source: http://www.iapjournals.ac.cn/aas/en/article/doi/10.1007/s00376-024-3378-5viewType=HTML