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可充电的钠氯电池和锂氯电池
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2021/8/27 14:19:37

美国斯坦福大学戴宏杰团队近日取得一项新成果。经过不懈努力,他们研究出可充电的Na/Cl2和Li/Cl2电池。相关论文发表在2021年8月25日出版的《自然》杂志上。

课题组研究人员展示了以高微孔碳为正极,一种由氯化铝在含氟基添加剂的SOCl2中组成的起始电解质,以及钠或锂作为负极,课题组研究人员可以生产一个可充电的钠/Cl2或锂/Cl2电池,通过主要是Cl2/Cl在碳的微孔和Na/Na+或Li/Li+在钠或锂金属上的氧化还原。微孔碳中可逆的Cl2/NaCl或Cl2/LiCl氧化还原提供了正极侧的可充电性,薄的碱-氟掺杂碱-氯化物固体电解质界面稳定了负极,这些都是碱金属/Cl2电池的关键。

研究人员表示,从电动汽车到可穿戴设备,锂离子电池(LIBs)的应用领域广泛。在二次锂离子电池发明之前,20世纪70年代研制出了一次锂-亚硫酰氯(Li-SOCl2)电池,以SOCl2为阴极电解液,以金属锂为阳极,以非晶碳为阴极。这种电池通过锂氧化和阴极还原生成硫、二氧化硫和氯化锂,以其高能量密度而闻名,并在现实世界中广泛应用。然而,自从它被发明以来,就没有实现可充电性。

附:英文原文

Title: Rechargeable Na/Cl2 and Li/Cl2 batteries

Author: Zhu, Guanzhou, Tian, Xin, Tai, Hung-Chun, Li, Yuan-Yao, Li, Jiachen, Sun, Hao, Liang, Peng, Angell, Michael, Huang, Cheng-Liang, Ku, Ching-Shun, Hung, Wei-Hsuan, Jiang, Shi-Kai, Meng, Yongtao, Chen, Hui, Lin, Meng-Chang, Hwang, Bing-Joe, Dai, Hongjie

Issue&Volume: 2021-08-25

Abstract: Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used in applications ranging from electric vehicles to wearable devices. Before the invention of secondary LIBs, the primary lithium-thionyl chloride (Li-SOCl2) battery was developed in the 1970s using SOCl2 as the catholyte, lithium metal as the anode and amorphous carbon as the cathode1,2,3,4,5,6,7. This battery discharges by lithium oxidation and catholyte reduction to sulfur, sulfur dioxide and lithium chloride, is well known for its high energy density and is widely used in real-world applications; however, it has not been made rechargeable since its invention8,9,10,11,12,13. Here we show that with a highly microporous carbon positive electrode, a starting electrolyte composed of aluminium chloride in SOCl2 with fluoride-based additives, and either sodium or lithium as the negative electrode, we can produce a rechargeable Na/Cl2 or Li/Cl2 battery operating via redox between mainly Cl2/Cl in the micropores of carbon and Na/Na+ or Li/Li+ redox on the sodium or lithium metal. The reversible Cl2/NaCl or Cl2/LiCl redox in the microporous carbon affords rechargeability at the positive electrode side and the thin alkali-fluoride-doped alkali-chloride solid electrolyte interface stabilizes the negative electrode, both are critical to secondary alkali-metal/Cl2 batteries.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03757-z

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03757-z

期刊信息

Nature:《自然》,创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:42.778
官方网址:http://www.nature.com/