近日，美国德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校Molly S. Bray等研究人员总结昼夜节律和肠道微生物组对宿主饮食的代谢反应。这一综述论文于2021年3月30日在线发表在国际学术期刊《细胞—代谢》上。

研究人员表示，分子昼夜节律时钟和共生宿主-微生物关系都已经进化，并成为了通过增强代谢反应来面临环境挑战的的机制。肠道微生物组通过分解宿主无法消化的饮食营养成分，并产生代谢产物来支持宿主的代谢，从而使宿主受益。

类似地，细胞生物钟通过影响代谢过程的时间安排和协调来优化对环境的机体生理。宿主与微生物的相互作用受饮食质量和时间安排以及宿主体内昼夜节律的影响。肠道微生物组和分子生物钟共同在神经处理、代谢、脂肪形成、炎症以及疾病的发生和发展中起着协调的作用。

研究人员总结了昼夜节律、肠道菌群和宿主代谢系统之间的双向相互作用及其对肥胖和能量稳态的影响。并着重指出了未来研究的方向以及利用这些系统来解决代谢性疾病的疗法开发。 

附：英文原文

Title: Circadian rhythms and the gut microbiome synchronize the host’s metabolic response to diet

Author: Diana E. Gutierrez Lopez, Laura M. Lashinger, George M. Weinstock, Molly S. Bray

Issue&Volume: 2021-03-30

Abstract: The molecular circadian clock and symbiotic host-microbe relationships both evolvedas mechanisms that enhance metabolic responses to environmental challenges. The gutmicrobiome benefits the host by breaking down diet-derived nutrients indigestibleby the host and generating microbiota-derived metabolites that support host metabolism.Similarly, cellular circadian clocks optimize organismal physiology to the environmentby influencing the timing and coordination of metabolic processes. Host-microbe interactionsare influenced by dietary quality and timing, as well as daily light/dark cycles thatentrain circadian rhythms in the host. Together, the gut microbiome and the molecularcircadian clock play a coordinated role in neural processing, metabolism, adipogenesis,inflammation, and disease initiation and progression. This review examines the bidirectionalinteractions between the circadian clock, gut microbiota, and host metabolic systemsand their effects on obesity and energy homeostasis. Directions for future researchand the development of therapies that leverage these systems to address metabolicdisease are highlighted.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.03.015

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(21)00122-4