复旦大学王永刚团队研究了有机电解液中大孔储能高性能锌基混合超级电容器。相关研究成果发表在2021年2月18日出版的《德国应用化学》。

锌基水性超级电容器正受到广泛关注。然而，大多数报道的长寿命和高功率性能是在锌利用率低（<0.6%）和阴极质量负荷低（<2 mg cm^-2）的情况下实现的。而且，许多获得的高能量密度评估通常不考虑锌阳极质量。

研究人员开发了一种锌基混合超级电容器，包括金属-有机框架衍生的多孔碳阴极、锌阳极和含Zn2+的N，N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）基电解质。研究人员证明了阴极的电荷储存主要发生在大孔中，在高质量负载（40mg cm^-2）下表现出高的速率性能。此外，电解质的非质子性质和Zn²⁺-DMF络合物的形成避免了锌腐蚀和枝晶的形成。因此，超级电容器的锌利用率高（2.2%），寿命长（9000次循环）。以阴极（40mg cm^‐2）和锌阳极的总质量计算，能量密度达到25.9 W h kg‐¹。

附：英文原文

Title: Towards High Performance Zn‐based Hybrid Supercapacitor via Macropores‐based Charge Storage in Organic Electrolyte

Author: Yonggang Wang, Xuan Qiu, Nan Wang, Zhuo Wang, Fei Wang

Issue&Volume: 2021-02-18

Abstract: Zn‐based aqueous supercapacitors are attracting extensive attention. However, most of the reported long‐life and high‐power performances are achieved with low Zn‐utilization (< 0.6%) and low mass loading in cathode (< 2 mg cm  ‐2  ). And, many obtained high energy densities are generally evaluated without considering the mass of Zn‐anode. Herein, we propose a Zn‐based hybrid supercapacitor, involving a metal organic framework derived porous carbon cathode, a Zn‐anode and an N, N‐dimethylformamide (DMF)‐based electrolyte containing Zn  2+  . We demonstrate that the charge storage of cathode mainly occurs in macropores, showing high rate performance at high mass loading (40 mg cm  ‐2  ). Furthermore, the aprotic nature of electrolyte and formation of Zn  2+  ‐DMF complex avoid the Zn‐corrosion and dendrite formation. Therefore, the supercapacitor shows a long‐life (9,000 cycles) with a high Zn‐utilization (2.2%). When calculated with the total mass of cathode (40 mg cm  ‐2  ) and Zn‐anode, the energy density reaches 25.9 W h kg  ‐1  .

DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014766

Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.202014766