丹麦奥尔胡斯大学Maria Bisgaard Bengtsen团队研究了急性尿潴留与癌症风险的相关性。相关论文发表在2021年10月19日出版的《英国医学杂志》上。

为了在首次诊断急性尿潴留后，评估泌尿生殖系统、结直肠癌和神经系统癌症的风险，研究组在丹麦所有医院进行了一项全国人群队列研究。1995-2017年，共有75983名50岁及以上的患者因急性尿潴留首次入院。主要结局为与普通人群相比，急性尿潴留患者患泌尿生殖道癌、结直肠癌和神经系统癌的绝对风险以及这些癌症的额外风险。

首次诊断为急性尿潴留后，前列腺癌的绝对风险在三个月时为5.1%（n=3198），一年时为6.7%（n=4233），五年时为8.5%（n=5217）。在三个月的随访期内，每1000人-年检测到218例前列腺癌病例。在3至12个月的随访期间，每1000人-年发现21例额外病例，但超过12个月的额外风险可以忽略不计。

在随访的三个月内，泌尿系癌的额外风险为56/1000人-年，女性生殖道癌的额外风险为24/1000人-年，结直肠癌的额外风险为12/1000人-年，神经系统癌的额外风险为2/1000人-年。对于大多数被研究的癌症，额外风险仅限于随访的3个月内，但前列腺癌和泌尿系癌的风险在随访的3到12个月内仍然增加。在女性中，浸润性膀胱癌的额外风险持续数年。

研究结果表明，急性尿潴留可能是隐匿性泌尿生殖道癌、结直肠癌和神经系统癌的临床标志。在50岁及以上有急性尿潴留且无明显潜在诱因的患者中，可能考虑隐匿性癌症。

附：英文原文

Title: Acute urinary retention and risk of cancer: population based Danish cohort study

Author: Maria Bisgaard Bengtsen, Dóra Krmendiné Farkas, Michael Borre, Henrik Toft Srensen, Mette Nrgaard

Issue&Volume: 2021/10/19

Abstract:

Objective To examine the risk of urogenital, colorectal, and neurological cancers after a first diagnosis of acute urinary retention.

Design Nationwide population based cohort study.

Setting All hospitals in Denmark.

Participants 75983 patients aged 50 years or older with a first hospital admission for acute urinary retention during 1995-2017.

Main outcome measures Absolute risk of urogenital, colorectal, and neurological cancer and excess risk of these cancers among patients with acute urinary retention compared with the general population.

Results The absolute risk of prostate cancer after a first diagnosis of acute urinary retention was 5.1% (n=3198) at three months, 6.7% (n=4233) at one year, and 8.5% (n=5217) at five years. Within three months of follow-up, 218 excess cases of prostate cancer per 1000 person years were detected. An additional 21 excess cases per 1000 person years were detected during three to less than 12 months of follow-up, but beyond 12 months the excess risk was negligible. Within three months of follow-up the excess risk for urinary tract cancer was 56 per 1000 person years, for genital cancer in women was 24 per 1000 person years, for colorectal cancer was 12 per 1000 person years, and for neurological cancer was 2 per 1000 person years. For most of the studied cancers, the excess risk was confined to within three months of follow-up, but the risk of prostate and urinary tract cancer remained increased during three to less than 12 months of follow-up. In women, an excess risk of invasive bladder cancer persisted for several years.

Conclusions Acute urinary retention might be a clinical marker for occult urogenital, colorectal, and neurological cancers. Occult cancer should possibly be considered in patients aged 50 years or older presenting with acute urinary retention and no obvious underlying cause.

DOI: 10.1136/bmj.n2305

Source: https://www.bmj.com/content/375/bmj.n2305