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研究揭示细菌对噬菌体耐药的机制
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2021/10/23 22:58:07

可移动遗传元件的快速进化周转诱导细菌对噬菌体的耐药性,这一成果由美国麻省理工学院Martin F. Polz和法国索邦大学Frédérique Le Roux研究小组经过不懈努力而取得。2021年10月22日出版的《科学》杂志发表了这一最新研究成果。

研究人员发现海洋弧菌对病毒杀伤的易感性是由大量且高度多样化的移动遗传元件所介导。这些噬菌体防御元件显示出极快的进化周转,导致细菌克隆菌株之间的噬菌体易感性不同,而噬菌体受体保持不变。保护具有累积性,单个细菌基因组可以包含6到12个防御元件,占近亲之间灵活基因组的90%以上。这些元件的快速周转使噬菌体抗性与其他基因组特征分离。因此,野生噬菌体抗性所遵循的进化轨迹可能不同于基于实验室进化实验所预测的进化轨迹。

据了解,尽管人们普遍认为噬菌体促进细菌进化,但对这些因素如何在野生环境发挥作用仍知之甚少。

附:英文原文

Title: Rapid evolutionary turnover of mobile genetic elements drives bacterial resistance to phages

Author: Fatima Aysha Hussain, Javier Dubert, Joseph Elsherbini, Mikayla Murphy, David VanInsberghe, Philip Arevalo, Kathryn Kauffman, Bruno Kotska Rodino-Janeiro, Hannah Gavin, Annika Gomez, Anna Lopatina, Frédérique Le Roux, Martin F. Polz

Issue&Volume: 2021-10-22

Abstract: Although it is generally accepted that phages drive bacterial evolution, how these dynamics play out in the wild remains poorly understood. We found that susceptibility to viral killing in marine Vibrio is mediated by large and highly diverse mobile genetic elements. These phage defense elements display exceedingly fast evolutionary turnover, resulting in differential phage susceptibility among clonal bacterial strains while phage receptors remain invariant. Protection is cumulative, and a single bacterial genome can harbor 6 to 12 defense elements, accounting for more than 90% of the flexible genome among close relatives. The rapid turnover of these elements decouples phage resistance from other genomic features. Thus, resistance to phages in the wild follows evolutionary trajectories alternative to those predicted from laboratory-based evolutionary experiments.

DOI: abb1083

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abb1083

 

期刊信息
Science:《科学》,创刊于1880年。隶属于美国科学促进会,最新IF:41.037