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神经退行性疾病对成人海马神经发生的影响
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2021/10/23 22:58:59

西班牙研究委员会 (CSIC) - 马德里自治大学 (UAM)的María Llorens-Martín研究组发现神经退行性疾病对成人海马神经发生的影响。这一研究成果于2021年11月26日发表在国际顶尖学术期刊《科学》上。

为了了解成人海马神经发生 (AHN) 对肌萎缩侧索硬化、亨廷顿舞蹈症、帕金森病、路易体痴呆和额颞叶痴呆的影响,他们研究了死后人类样本。他们发现成年出生的齿状颗粒细胞表现出异常的形态发育和分化标志物的表达变化。静止的海马神经干细胞与增殖的海马神经干细胞的比例发生了变化,神经源性生态位的稳态发生了改变。衰老和神经退行性疾病降低了小胶质细胞的吞噬能力,引发了星形胶质细胞增生,并改变了齿状回的微血管系统。因此,AHN 对神经变性的脆弱性可能是人类生理和病理衰老过程中海马功能障碍的基础。

据了解,海马体功能紊乱是神经退行性疾病患者精神疾病和认知障碍的基础。

附:英文原文

Title: Impact of neurodegenerative diseases on human adult hippocampal neurogenesis

Author: J. Terreros-Roncal, E. P. Moreno-Jiménez, M. Flor-García, C. B. Rodríguez-Moreno, M. F. Trinchero, F. Cafini, A. Rábano, M. Llorens-Martín

Issue&Volume: 2021-11-26

Abstract: Disrupted hippocampal performance underlies psychiatric comorbidities and cognitive impairment in patients with neurodegenerative disorders. To understand the contribution of adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) to Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and Frontotemporal dementia, we studied post-mortem human samples. We found that adult-born dentate granule cells showed abnormal morphological development and changes in the expression of differentiation markers. The ratio of quiescent to proliferating hippocampal neural stem cells was shifted and the homeostasis of the neurogenic niche, altered. Aging and neurodegenerative diseases reduced the phagocytic capacity of microglia, triggered astrogliosis, and altered the microvasculature of the dentate gyrus. Thus, enhanced vulnerability of AHN to neurodegeneration might underlie hippocampal dysfunction during physiological and pathological aging in humans.

DOI: abl5163

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abl5163

 

期刊信息
Science:《科学》,创刊于1880年。隶属于美国科学促进会,最新IF:41.037