中国科学技术大学梁海伟团开发了燃料电池用铂金属间化合物纳米粒子催化剂的硫锚定合成。相关研究成果发表在2021年10月22日出版的《科学》。

原子有序的金属间化合物纳米颗粒有望用于催化应用，但很难制备，因为原子有序所需的高温退火不可避免地加速了金属烧结，从而导致更大的晶粒。

研究人员在多孔掺硫碳载体上制备了平均粒径<5nm的铂金属间化合物，铂和硫之间的强相互作用抑制了高达1000°C的金属烧结。研究人员合成了由46种铂与16种其他金属元素组合而成的小型纳米颗粒的金属间化合物库，并用它们研究了电催化氧还原反应活性对合金成分和铂表面应变的依赖关系。金属间化合物库在质子交换膜燃料电池中具有很高的质量效率，在0.9V电压下，每毫克铂可达到1.3至1.8A的高活性。

附：英文原文

Title: Sulfur-anchoring synthesis of platinum intermetallic nanoparticle catalysts for fuel cells

Author: Cheng-Long Yang, Li-Na Wang, Peng Yin, Jieyuan Liu, Ming-Xi Chen, Qiang-Qiang Yan, Zheng-Shu Wang, Shi-Long Xu, Sheng-Qi Chu, Chunhua Cui, Huanxin Ju, Junfa Zhu, Yue Lin, Jianglan Shui, Hai-Wei Liang

Issue&Volume: 2021-10-22

Abstract: Atomically ordered intermetallic nanoparticles are promising for catalytic applications but are difficult to produce because the high-temperature annealing required for atom ordering inevitably accelerates metal sintering that leads to larger crystallites. We prepared platinum intermetallics with an average particle size of <5 nanometers on porous sulfur-doped carbon supports, on which the strong interaction between platinum and sulfur suppresses metal sintering up to 1000°C. We synthesized intermetallic libraries of small nanoparticles consisting of 46 combinations of platinum with 16 other metal elements and used them to study the dependence of electrocatalytic oxygen-reduction reaction activity on alloy composition and platinum skin strain. The intermetallic libraries are highly mass efficient in proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells and could achieve high activities of 1.3 to 1.8 amperes per milligram of platinum at 0.9 volts.

DOI: abj9980

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abj9980